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Bài 1:
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=m_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}dư=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 2:
ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓ (1)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\times1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\times1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{9}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{2}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ ZnCl2 dư
a) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=300+100=400\left(ml\right)=0,4\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}pư=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}dư=0,45-0,05=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}dư=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
b) Zn(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) ZnO + H2O (2)
Theo pT1: \(n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT2: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,05\times81=4,05\left(g\right)\)
c) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (3)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1\times36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{25\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
bài 2 nCO2=\(\frac{4,48}{22,4}\)= ( chắc đề bạn ghi thiếu )
pt: CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
0,2mol 0,2mol 0,2mol 0,2mol
a, ta có : nCaCO3=nCO2=0,2 mol
=> mCaCO3=0,2.100=20(g)
b,nHCl=2nCO2=0,4 mol
=>mHCl=0.4.36,5=14,6(g)
=> mddHCl=\(\frac{14,6.100}{3,65}\)=400(g)
c,nCaCl2=nCO2=0,2mol
=> mCaCl2=0,2.111=22.2(g)
=> mCO2(thoát ra ) =0,2.44=8.8(g)
=>mddSPU=400+40-8,8=431.2g
=>C%CaCl2= \(\frac{22,2}{431,2}.100\)
=5,14%
d,pt :Ba(OH)2 +CO2 --> BaCO3(chat k tan trong H2O)+ H2O
0,2mol 0,2mol
mBa(OH)2=0,2.171=34,2g
het.....:v
1,
a, \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\frac{V}{22.4}=\frac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=V\times C_M=0.4\times1=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có tỉ lệ \(n_{CO_2}< n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}\) nên ta tính theo số mol của CO2
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 (mol)
Khối lượng Ca(OH)2 dư là \(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2du}=n_{du}\times M=\left(0.4-0.15\right)\times74=18.5\left(g\right)\)
c, \(C_{MCaCO_3}=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0.15}{0.4}=\frac{3}{8}\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{MCa\left(OH\right)_2du}=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0.4-0.15}{0.4}=\frac{5}{8}\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6\%.450}{36,5}=1,8\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{1,8}{6}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\\ \Rightarrow HCldư\\ a.n_{FeCl_3}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_3}=162,5.0,4=65\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=1,8-6.0,2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{ddsau}=32+450=482\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{21,9}{482}.100\approx4,544\%\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_3}=\dfrac{65}{482}.100\approx13,485\%\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{14,6.450}{100}=65,7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{65,7}{36,5}=1,8\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)
1 6 2 3
0,2 1,8 0,4
a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{1,8}{6}\)
⇒ Fe2O3 phản ứng hết , HCl dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Fe2O3
\(n_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{FeCl3}=0,4.162,5=65\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=1,8-\left(0,2.6\right)=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{ddspu}=32+450=482\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{65.100}{482}=13,48\)0/0
\(C_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{21,9.100}{482}=4,54\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(2FeCl_3+Cu\rightarrow CuCl_2+2FeCl_2\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2\cdot\dfrac{16}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Cu còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuCl_2}=0,1\cdot135=13,5\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(n_{HCl}=0,15.1=0,15\left(mol_{ }\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,075 0,15 0,075
b, \(C_{M_{ddCuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,15}=0,5M\)
a, \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05 0,1 0,05
\(b,m_{CuO}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
\(c,C_{M\left(CuCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
nSO3=0,2mol
PTHH: SO3+H2O=> H2SO4
0,2--------------->0,2
=> Cm H2SO4=0,2:0,1=0,2M
b) bạn gọi x,y là lần lượt là số mon của từng chất trong B
rồi viết PTHH: từ PTHH rồi lập ra hệ pt
rồi gải x,y là xong rồi
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)
1 6 2 3
0,2 1,2 0,4
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe2O3}=27,2-11,2=16\left(g\right)\)
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{11,2.100}{27,2}=41,18\)0/0
0/0Fe2O3 = \(\dfrac{16.100}{27,2}=58,82\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{Fe2O3}=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+1,2=1,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{1,6}{2}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{1,2.2}{6}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl3}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,8}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)
nFe2O3=16/160=0,1(mol)
nHCl=0,5.1=0,5(mol)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 6 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O
Ta có: 0,1/1 > 0,5/6
=> HCl hết, Fe2O3 dư, tính theo nHCl.
nFeCl3= 2/6. nHCl= 2/6 . 0,5= 1/6(mol)
=>mFeCl3= 162,5. 1/6= 27,083(g)
b) Vddsau=VddHCl=0,5(l)
- dd sau p.ứ chỉ có FeCl3.
=> CMddFeCl3= 1/6: 0,5= 1/3(M)