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Gọi O là tâm đường tròn \(\Rightarrow\) O là trung điểm BC
\(\stackrel\frown{BE}=\stackrel\frown{ED}=\stackrel\frown{DC}\Rightarrow\widehat{BOE}=\widehat{EOD}=\widehat{DOC}=\dfrac{180^0}{3}=60^0\)
Mà \(OD=OE=R\Rightarrow\Delta ODE\) đều
\(\Rightarrow ED=R\)
\(BN=NM=MC=\dfrac{2R}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{NM}{ED}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\stackrel\frown{BE}=\stackrel\frown{DC}\Rightarrow ED||BC\)
Áp dụng định lý talet:
\(\dfrac{AN}{AE}=\dfrac{MN}{ED}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{EN}{AN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{ON}{BN}=\dfrac{OB-BN}{BN}=\dfrac{R-\dfrac{2R}{3}}{\dfrac{2R}{3}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{EN}{AN}=\dfrac{ON}{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) và \(\widehat{ENO}=\widehat{ANB}\) (đối đỉnh)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ENO\sim ANB\left(c.g.c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{NBA}=\widehat{NOE}=60^0\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có \(\Delta MDO\sim\Delta MAC\Rightarrow\widehat{MCA}=\widehat{MOD}=60^0\)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) đều
c)\(\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left|\sqrt{7}-1\right|-\left|\sqrt{7}+1\right|}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{7}-1-\sqrt{7}-1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=\(\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=\(-\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 4:
a)
\(M=x+\sqrt{2-x}=-\left(2-x\right)+\sqrt{2-x}+2\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2-x}=m\left(m\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=-m^2+m+2\)
\(=-\left(m^2-m+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}+2\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{4}-\left(m-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(m=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2-x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
b)
\(5x^2+9y^2-12xy+8=24\left(2y-x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+24x+9y^2-48y-12xy+80=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+9y^2+64-12xy-48y+32x\right)+\left(x^2-8x+16\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3y+8\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=\dfrac{16}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (loại)
Vậy . . .
Bài 2:
a)
\(M=\dfrac{x^5}{30}-\dfrac{x^3}{6}+\dfrac{2x}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^5-5x^3+4x}{30}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^4-5x^2+4\right)}{30}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{30}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{30}\)
Suy ra nếu x nguyên thì M cũng nguyên ^.^
Bài 3:
a) Chứng minh \(VP\ge VT\) dùng Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel.
b) Xét \(M=2a^2+2b^2+2\)
\(=\left(a^2+1\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\ge2a+2b+2ab\) (áp dụng bđt AM - GM)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+1\ge a+b+ab\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)
Bài 3:
\(A=\sqrt{1-6x+9x^2}+\sqrt{9x^2-12x+4}\)
\(A=\sqrt{9x^2-3x-3x+1}+\sqrt{9x^2-6x-6x+4}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\left(3x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(3x-2\right)^2}\)
\(A=\left|3x-1\right|+\left|3x-2\right|\)
\(A=\left|3x-1\right|+\left|2-3x\right|\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\left|A\right|+\left|B\right|\ge\left|A+B\right|\) ta có:
\(\left|3x-1\right|+\left|2-3x\right|\ge\left|3x-1+2-3x\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|3x-1\right|+\left|2-3x\right|\ge\left|1\right|=1\)
Dấu "=" sảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-1\ge0\\2-3x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x\ge1\\3x\le2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\le\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}\le x\le\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy............
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
\(P=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\)ĐK : x > 0
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1+x}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{6\sqrt{x}-4}{x-1}\)
\(=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-3-6\sqrt{x}+4}{x-1}=\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
b: \(\sqrt{11-4\sqrt{7}}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{7}-2}{\sqrt{7}-1}\)
\(=\sqrt{7}-2+2\)
\(=\sqrt{7}\)