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a) ĐKXD:...
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{x-2}\right)^2=6-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{6-2x}\)
Đến đây dễ rồi
bài 1:
a)\(\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)\(do2>\sqrt{3}\)
\(=6+3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}\)
b) \(\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{10}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)do\sqrt{5}>\sqrt{2}\)
\(=\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{6}+5-\sqrt{10}\)
c)\(\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)do\sqrt{5}>2\)
\(=5-4\)
\(=1\left(hđt.3\right)\)
d)\(\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}\right)\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)do\sqrt{5}>\sqrt{3}\)
\(=5-3\)
\(=2\)
e)\(\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{32}+3\sqrt{18}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(2\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{2}+9\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(2-4+9\right)\)
\(=2.7=14\)
f)\(\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\right)\)
\(=2-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=2-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=2-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\)
\(=2-\sqrt{5}+1\)
\(=3-\sqrt{5}\)
g)\(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}-2\)
h) \(\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\left(2-\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}\right)+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\left(2-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}\right)+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(=2-\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)+2\sqrt{5}\left(do\sqrt{5}>1\right)\)
\(=2-\sqrt{5}-1+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(=1-\sqrt{5}\)
bài 2)
a) \(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=5\)hoặc \(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)hoặc \(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy x = 3 hoặc x = -2
\(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{1-x}=2-8\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{1-x}-2+8\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}-\frac{x+3}{\sqrt{1-x}+2}+8\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}\left(1-\frac{\sqrt{x+3}}{\sqrt{1-x}+2}+8\sqrt{x+1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)
\(\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}+\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}=3\) ĐK : \(-1\le x\le8\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}=a\left(a\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+\frac{a^2-9}{2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(a+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\left(N\right)\\a=-5\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(a=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9+2\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1+x=0\\8-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=8\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{-1;8\right\}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(-1\le x\le8\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=9+2\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}=\frac{a^2-9}{2}\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(a+\frac{a^2-9}{2}=3\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-15=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}=3\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}\ge\sqrt{1+x+8-x}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}1+x=0\\8-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(ĐK:-1\le x\le8\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{1+x}=u;\sqrt{8-x}=v\)thì \(\left(u+v\right)^2=9+2\sqrt{uv}\Rightarrow\sqrt{uv}=\frac{\left(u+v\right)^2-9}{2}\)
Phương trình lúc này có dạng \(\left(u+v\right)+\frac{\left(u+v\right)^2-9}{2}=3\Leftrightarrow\left(u+v\right)^2+2\left(u+v\right)-15=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(u+v+5\right)\left(u+v-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}u+v=-5\left(L\right)\\u+v=3\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Như vậy, \(u+v=3\Rightarrow\sqrt{uv}=\frac{3^2-9}{2}=0\Rightarrow uv=0\)
u, v là hai nghiệm của phương trình \(t^2-3t=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=3\\t=0\end{cases}}\)
* Nếu u = 3, v = 0 thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{1+x}=3\\\sqrt{8-x}=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=8\left(tm\right)\)
* Nếu u = 0, v = 3 thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{1+x}=0\\\sqrt{8-x}=3\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=-1\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-1;8\right\}\)
thể giải thích chỗ \(\left(u+v\right)^2=9+2\sqrt{uv}\) đc ko