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Bài 1:
\(x^4+2x^3+10x-25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+2x^3-5x^2+5x^2+10x-25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+2x-5\right)+5\left(x^2+2x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5\right)\left(x^2+2x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x^2+5=0\\x^2+2x-5=0\end{array}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x^2+5>0\forall x\rightarrow Vn\\\Delta_{x^2+2x-5}=2^2-\left[-4\left(1.5\right)\right]=24\end{array}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x_{1,2}=\frac{-2\pm\sqrt{24}}{2}\)
Bài 2:
Đặt \(\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=a\left(a\ge1\right)\\\sqrt{y}=b\left(b\ge0\right)\end{cases}\)(*) hệ đầu thành:
\(\begin{cases}3a+2b=13\left(1\right)\\2a-b=4\left(2\right)\end{cases}\).Từ \(\left(2\right)\Rightarrow b=2a-4\) thay vào (1) ta có:
\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow3a+2\left(2a-4\right)=13\)
\(\Rightarrow3a+4a-8=13\Rightarrow7a=21\Rightarrow a=3\) (thỏa mãn)
\(a=3\Rightarrow b=2a-4=2\cdot3-4=2\) (thỏa mãn)
Thay \(\begin{cases}a=3\\b=2\end{cases}\) vào (*) ta có:
(*)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=3\\\sqrt{y}=2\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x-1=9\\y=4\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x=10\\y=4\end{cases}\)
1) \(\sqrt{5-2x}=6\left(đk:x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5-2x=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-31\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{31}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
2) \(\sqrt{2-x}=\sqrt{x+1}\left(đk:2\ge x\ge-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-x=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
3) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=x-2\left(đk:x\ge2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=x-2\left(x\ge5\right)\\x-5=2-x\left(2\le x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5=2\left(VLý\right)\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}\) + \(\sqrt{x^2-4x+4}\) = 3
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)+ \(\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)= 3
<=> \(\left|x-1\right|\)+\(\left|x-2\right|\)=3
<=> x - 1 + x - 2 = 3
<=> 2x - 3 = 3
<=> x = \(\dfrac{6}{2}\)= 3
b ,
\(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=3-19x\)
<=>\(\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=3-19x\)
<=> \(\left|x-5\right|=3-19x\)
<=> \(x-5=3-19x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+19x=3+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20x=8\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{8}{20}=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
a)\(\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+4}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|1-x\right|+\left|x-2\right|=3\)
Có: \(VT=\left|1-x\right|+\left|x-2\right|\)
\(\ge\left|1-x+x-2\right|=3=VP\)
Khi \(x=0;x=3\)
b)\(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=3-19x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=3-19x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=3-19x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+25=361x^2-114x+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-360x^2+104x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-5\left(5x-2\right)\left(9x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{2}{5};x=-\frac{1}{9}\)
c)\(\sqrt{2x-2+2\sqrt{2x-3}}+\sqrt{2x+13+8\sqrt{2x-3}}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-3+2\sqrt{2x-3}+1}+\sqrt{2x-3+8\sqrt{2x-3}+16}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-3}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-3}+4\right)^2}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{2x-3}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{2x-3}+4\right|=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x-3}+5=5\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-3}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(ĐK:-1\le x\le1\\ PT\Leftrightarrow13\left(1-2x^2\right)\sqrt{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}+9\left(1+2x^2\right)\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1-x^2\right)}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1-x^4}\left(13-26x^2+9+18x^2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1-x^4}\left(22-8x^2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-x^4=0\\22-8x^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)=0\\x^2=\dfrac{22}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(tm\right)\\x=-1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{11}}{2}\left(ktm\right)\\x=-\dfrac{\sqrt{11}}{2}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+5\right)^2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+5\right|=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=4\\x+5=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) \(ĐK:x\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=4\Leftrightarrow x=6\left(tm\right)\)
3) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+4\right)-\sqrt{x^2-x+4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2-x+4}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+4}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\sqrt{x^2-x+4}-\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+4}=2\\\sqrt{x^2-x+4}=-1\left(VLý\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+4=4\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(ĐK:x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}-3=\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{5}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{25}{4}\left(tm\right)\)
a) \(x^2-11=0\)
<=> \(x^2-\sqrt{11}=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-\sqrt{11}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{11}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\sqrt{11}=0\\x+\sqrt{11}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{11}\\x=-\sqrt{11}\end{matrix}\right.\) => x = \(\pm\sqrt{11}\) Vậy S ={ \(\pm\sqrt{11}\)}
b) \(x^2-2\sqrt{13}x+13=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{13}\right)^2=0\)
=> x = \(\sqrt{13}\)
Vậy S = {\(\sqrt{13}\) }
\(c\)) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=7-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=7-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=7-2x\)
=> Có 2 TH xảy ra
* Khi x - 5 \(\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge5\) Ta có PT :
x - 5 = 7 - 2x
<=> 3x = 12
=> x= 4 (KTM)
* Khi x - 5 < 0 => x < 5
Ta có pT
-x + 5 = 7-2x
<=> x = 2 (TM)
Vậy S = { 2 }
\(a\text{)} x^2-11=0\\ x^2=11\\ x=\pm\sqrt{11}\)
\(b\text{)}\:x^2-2\sqrt{13x}+13=0\\ \left(x-\sqrt{13}\right)^2=0\\ x-\sqrt{13}=0\\ x=\sqrt{13}\)
\(c\text{)}\:\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=7-2x\\ \left|x-5\right|=7-2x\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=7-2x\left(với\:x\ge5\right)\\5-x=7-2x\left(với\:x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\left(loại\right)\\x=2\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)