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1. \(\sqrt{x^2-4}-x^2+4=0\)( ĐK: \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge2\\x\le-2\end{cases}}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-4}=x^2-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4\right)^2=x^2-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4\right)^2-\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-4-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2=4\\x^2=5\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\pm2\left(tm\right)\\x=\pm\sqrt{5}\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Vậy pt có tập no \(S=\left\{2;-2;\sqrt{5};-\sqrt{5}\right\}\)
2. \(\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+8}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+9}=3+\sqrt{5}\)ĐK: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2-4x+5\ge0\\x^2-4x+8\ge0\\x^2-4x+9\ge0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}-1+\sqrt{x^2-4x+8}-2+\sqrt{x^2-4x+9}-\sqrt{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-4x+4}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}+1}+\frac{x^2-4x+4}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+8}+2}+\frac{x^2-4x+4}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+9}+\sqrt{5}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+8}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2}-4x+9+\sqrt{5}}\right)=0\)
Từ Đk đề bài \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+8}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2}-4x+9+\sqrt{5}}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy pt có no x=2
\(c,\frac{x^2+\sqrt{3}}{x+\sqrt{x^2+\sqrt{3}}}+\frac{x^2-\sqrt{3}}{x+\sqrt{x^2+\sqrt{3}}}=x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{x^2+\sqrt{3}}}=x\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2=x^2+x\sqrt{x^2+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=x\sqrt{x^2+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4=x^3+x\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(x^2-x+\sqrt{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^2-x+\sqrt{3}=0\end{cases}}\)
dk: \(x\ge4\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)-2\sqrt{x-4}+1}=2\sqrt{x-4}-3\\ \)
\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-4}-1\right)^2}=2\sqrt{x-4}-3\)(*)
*.\(4\le x< 5\)(*)<=>
\(1-\sqrt{x-4}=2\sqrt{x-4}-3\Rightarrow3\sqrt{x-4}=4\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-4}=\frac{4}{3}\)
\(x-4=\frac{16}{9}\Rightarrow x=\frac{52}{9}>5\left(loai\right)\)
*\(x\ge5\)(*)<=>
\(\sqrt{x-4}-1=2\sqrt{x-4}-3\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-4}=2\Rightarrow x=8\left(nhan\right)\)
DS: x=8
\(\sqrt{x-3-2\sqrt{x-4}}=2\sqrt{x-4}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3-2\sqrt{x-4}=4\left(x-4\right)-12\sqrt{x-4}+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4x-3+16-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x+4=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{3}\)