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\(3cos4x+\left(cos2x-sinx\right)^2\)
\(=3cos4x+\left(\left|cos2x-sinx\right|\right)^2\)
\(\le3cos4x+\left[\left|cos2x\right|+\left|sin\left(-x\right)\right|\right]^2\)
\(\le3cos4x+2\left(cos^22x+sin^2x\right)\)
\(=8cos^22x+2sin^2x-3\)
\(=8cos^22x-cos2x-2\le7\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}cos2x=-1\\cos2x.sin\left(-x\right)\ge0\\cos2x=sin\left(-x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi;x\ne\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{2sin^2x+cos4x-cos2x}{\left(sinx-cosx\right)sin2x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2x+cos4x-cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2x-1+cos4x-cos2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^22x-2cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos2x=0\\cos2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\2x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đối chiếu điều kiện ta được \(x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)
1.
\(2sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)+sinx+2cosx=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx+sinx+2cosx=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)sinx+3cosx=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}sinx+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}cosx\right]=3\)
Đặt \(\alpha=arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}sin\left(x+\alpha\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\alpha\right)=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\alpha=arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\\x+\alpha=\pi-arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=\pi-2arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm:
\(x=k2\pi;x=\pi-2arcsin\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{3}}}+k2\pi\)
2.
\(\left(sin2x+cos2x\right)cosx+2cos2x-sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cos^2x+cos2x.cosx+2cos2x-sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cos^2x-1\right)sinx+cos2x.cosx+2cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x.sinx+cos2x.cosx+2cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x.\left(sinx+cosx+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-sinx\right)\left(cos2x+3msinx+sinx-1\right)=m\left(1-sinx\right)\left(1+cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=1\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}\\cos2x+3m.sinx+sinx-1=m\left(1+sinx\right)\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài toán thỏa mãn khi (1) có 5 nghiệm khác nhau trên khoảng đã cho thỏa mãn \(sinx\ne1\)
Xét (1):
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2x+3msinx+sinx-1=m+m.sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2x-sinx-2m.sinx+m=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(2sinx-1\right)-m\left(2sinx-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2sinx-1\right)\left(sinx-m\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6};\dfrac{5\pi}{6}\\sinx=m\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2\right)\) có 3 nghiệm khác nhau trên \(\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{2};2\pi\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1< m< 0\)
a.
\(sinx+cosx+\left(sinx+cosx\right)^2+cos^2x-sin^2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx+cosx+\left(sinx+cosx\right)^2+\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(sinx+cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(1+2cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx+cosx=0\\1+2cosx=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=0\\cosx=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=\pm\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left|sinx\right|=cos2x\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}cos2x>0\\cos^22x=sin^2x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{4}pi+kpi< x< \dfrac{5}{4}pi+kpi\\\left(cos2x-sinx\right)\left(cos2x+sinx\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
(cos2x-sinx)(cos2x+sinx)=0
=>cos2x=sin x hoặc cos2x=-sin x=sin(-x)
=>cos2x=cos(pi/2-x) hoặc cos2x=cos(pi/2+x)
=>2x=pi/2-x+k2pi hoặc 2x=-pi/2+x+k2pi hoặc 2x=pi/2+x+k2pi hoặc 2x=-pi/2-x+k2pi
=>x=pi/6+k2pi/3 hoặc x=-pi/2+k2pi hoặc x=pi/2+k2pi hoặc x=-pi/6+k2pi/3
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\dfrac{pi}{6}+\dfrac{k2pi}{3}\\x=\pm\dfrac{pi}{2}+k2pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
mà \(\dfrac{3}{4}pi+kpi< x< \dfrac{5}{4}pi+kpi\)
nên \(x=\dfrac{5}{6}pi+k2pi;x=\dfrac{7}{6}pi+k2pi\)