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\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3-y\\3-y+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3-y\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2x-1=3\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=2\left(-2\right)+1=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3x-6=4\\y=x-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ 4,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\y+2=3y+8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ 5,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+y}{2}\\\dfrac{3+3y}{2}-4y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+y}{2}\\3+3y-8y=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{y+1}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\left(x+2y\right)=4x-1\\2x+4=3\left(x-5y\right)-20\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+10y=4x-1\\2x+4=3x-15y-20\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+10y=-1\left(1\right)\\x-15y=24\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lấy (1)-(2): \(25y=-25\Leftrightarrow y=-1\) thay vào (1) \(\Leftrightarrow x=9\)
- Với \(xy=0\) không phải nghiệm
- Với \(xy\ne0\) hệ tương đương
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=\dfrac{1}{y^3}\\x^3+2=\dfrac{3}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{y}=z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=z^3\\x^3+2=3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+3x=z^3+3z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-z^3+3\left(x-z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-z\right)\left(x^2+zx+z^2+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=z\)
Thế vào \(x^3+2=3z\Rightarrow x^3+2=3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\Rightarrow y=1\\x=-2\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy-3x+2y-6=xy+1\\2x+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y-3x=7\\2x+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=\dfrac{29}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(x+y-2\right)=6\\\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(x+y-2\right)=6\\\left(x+y-2\right)^2-2\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=v\\x+y-2=u\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}uv=6\\u^2-2v=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow u^2-\dfrac{12}{u}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow u^3-5u-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(u-3\right)\left(u^2+3u+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u=3\Rightarrow v=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-2=3\\\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=5-x\\\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5-x-1\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\) em tự hoàn thành bài toán
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
c,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
d,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhận thấy \(x=0\) không phải nghiệm, hệ tương đương:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}21y-20=\dfrac{1}{x^3}\\y^3+20=\dfrac{21}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(y^3+21y=\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{21}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^3-\dfrac{1}{x^3}+21\left(y-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(y^2+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)+21\left(y-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(y^2+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+21\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)