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Giải hệ sau :
Câu a :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\2x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\-x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...........................
Câu b :
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) . Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{1}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+3b=\dfrac{3}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-b=-\dfrac{7}{5}\\3a+4b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=\dfrac{7}{5}\\a=-\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{y}=-\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{7}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..................
\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\x+5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\2x+10y=6\end{matrix}\right.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11y=2\\2x+10y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\2x+10.\dfrac{2}{11}=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\2x=\dfrac{46}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2}{11}\\x=\dfrac{23}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)\left(y+3\right)-xy=100\\xy-\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)=64\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>xy+3x+2y+6-xy=100 và xy-xy+2x+2y-4=64
=>3x+2y=94 và 2x+2y=68
=>x=26 và x+y=34
=>x=26 và y=8
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3x+3+2}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4\\\dfrac{2x+2-2}{x+1}-\dfrac{5y+20-11}{y+4}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4-3=1\\\dfrac{-2}{x+1}+\dfrac{11}{y+4}=9+5-2=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x+1=18/35; y+4=9/13
=>x=-17/35; y=-43/18
\(a)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=3\\x+2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=3\\2x+4y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5y=5\\2x+4y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm hệ phương trình là (1; -1)
\(b)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x-y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\3x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=1\\3x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow0x-0y=0\left(VSN\right)\)
Vậy hệ phương trình vô số nghiệm
\(c)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\left(x+2y\right)=3x-1\\2x+4=3\left(x-5y\right)-12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+10y=3x-1\\2x+4=3x-15y-12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-3x+10y=-1\\2x-3x+15y=-12-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+10y=-1\\-x+15y=-16\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+10y=-1\\-2x+30y=-32\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40y=-33\\-2x+30y=-32\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{33}{40}\\x=\dfrac{29}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm hệ phương trình là \(\left(\dfrac{29}{8};-\dfrac{33}{40}\right)\)
Bài 1 : Ta xét : \(\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{3}{6}=\dfrac{5}{10}\) hay \(\dfrac{a}{a'}=\dfrac{b}{b'}=\dfrac{c}{c'}\)
Nên phương trình có vô số nghiệm .
Mà \(2x+3y=5\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{5-3y}{2}\)
Vậy \(y\in R\) và \(x=\dfrac{5-3y}{2}\)
Bài 2 : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3x}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4\\\dfrac{2x}{x+1}-\dfrac{5}{y+4}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x+1}=a\) và \(\dfrac{1}{y+4}=b\) Khi đó hệ trở thành :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2b=4\\2a-5b=9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6a-4b=8\\6a-15b=27\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11b=-19\\6a-4b=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=-\dfrac{19}{11}\\a=\dfrac{2}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{2}{11}\\b=-\dfrac{19}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+1}=\dfrac{2}{11}\\\dfrac{1}{y+4}=-\dfrac{19}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11x=2x+2\\-19y-76=11\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9x=2\\-19y=87\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{9}\\y=-\dfrac{87}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{2}{9};-\dfrac{87}{19}\right)\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5\left(x+y\right)=4xy\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5\left(x+y\right)=4\left(5y-5x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5x+5y=20y-20x\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5x+5y-20y+20x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\-15y+25x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\-5\left(3y-5x\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\3y-5x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-5x=xy\\5x=3y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y-3y=xy\\5x=3y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y=xy\\5x=3y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{10}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2x-3y}+\dfrac{5}{3x+y}=\dfrac{5}{8}\\\dfrac{2}{2x-3y}-\dfrac{5}{3x+y}=\dfrac{-3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2x-3y}=a;\dfrac{1}{3x+y}=b\)
=> hpt <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\2a-5b=\dfrac{-3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\2a-5b+a+5b=\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{5}{8}=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\3a=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+5b=\dfrac{5}{8}\\a=\dfrac{1}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{12}\\b=\dfrac{13}{120}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2x-3y}=\dfrac{1}{12}\\\dfrac{1}{3x+y}=\dfrac{13}{120}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=12\\3x+y=\dfrac{120}{13}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{516}{143}\\y=-\dfrac{228}{143}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}+\dfrac{3y}{y+2}=7\left(1\right)\\\dfrac{2}{x-1}-\dfrac{5}{y+2}=4\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)ĐK: \(x\ne1;y\ne-2\)
(1)\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{2}{x-1}+3-\dfrac{6}{y+2}=7\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{x-1}-\dfrac{6}{y+2}=3\)
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{x-1};B=\dfrac{1}{y+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2A-6B=3\\2A-5B=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{9}\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)(TM)
Vậy hpt có nghiệm là \(\left(\dfrac{11}{9};-1\right)\).
b)ĐK: \(y\ge-1\)
Đặt \(A=x^2-2x;B=\sqrt{y+1}\left(B\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2A+B=0\\3A-2B=-7\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A=-1\\B=2\end{matrix}\right.\)(TM)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hpt có nghiệm là (-1;1);(1;1).
a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+3\right)\left(y-5\right)=xy\\\left(x-2\right)\left(y+5\right)=xy\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy-5x+3y-15=xy\\xy+5x-2y-10=xy\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5x+3y-15=0\\5x+2y-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-3y=15\left(1\right)\\5x+2y=10\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(1\right)-\left(2\right)=-y=-25\Leftrightarrow y=25\)
thay y = 25 vào \(\left(2\right)\), ta có: \(5x-2.25=10\Leftrightarrow x=12\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm (x; y) là (12; 25)
Đk: \(x\ne0,y\ne-1\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=xy+5\left(1\right)\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=xy+5\\y+1+x=x\left(y+1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=xy+5\\y+1=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+3y=y+1+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3-y\) thay vào (1) có:
\(2\left(3-y\right)+3y=\left(3-y\right)y+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-2y+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=1\) \(\Rightarrow x=2\)(tm)
Vậy (x;y)=(2;1)