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giải được bài 1
\(x^4+y^4+z^4=\dfrac{x^4+y^4}{2}+\dfrac{y^4+z^4}{2}+\dfrac{x^4+z^4}{2}\)
\(\ge x^2y^2+y^2z^2+x^2z^2=\dfrac{x^2y^2+y^2z^2}{2}+\dfrac{y^2z^2+x^2z^2}{2}+\dfrac{x^2y^2+x^2z^2}{2}\)
\(\ge xy^2z+xyz^2+x^2yz=xyz\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4\ge xyz\)
Dấu " =" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Thay vào PT (1) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y-3z=2\\2x+7y+z=5\\-3x+3y-2z=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y-3z=2\\3y+7z=1\\-32z=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đáp số : \(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(\dfrac{55}{24},\dfrac{1}{24},\dfrac{1}{8}\right)\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-3y+4z=3\\3x+4y-2z=5\\2x+y+2z=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-3y+4z=3\\-5y+10z=14\\-5y+10z=10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-3y+4z=3\\-5y+10z=14\\0y+0z=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phương trình cuối vô nghiệm, suy ra hệ phương trình đã cho vô nghiệm
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y+2z=8\\2x+2y+z=6\\3x+y+z=6\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2z=-7\\-2x+4y+3z=8\\3x+y-z=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{14}\\y=\dfrac{5}{2}\\z=-\dfrac{1}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y+2z=8\left(1\right)\\2x+2y+z=6\left(2\right)\\3x+y+z=6\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng \(\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\) ta có:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y+2z=8\left(1\right)\\2x+2y+z=6\left(2\right)\\5x+3y+2z=12\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Trừ \(\left(4\right)-\left(1\right)\) ta được: \(4x=4\Leftrightarrow x=1\).
Thay vào hệ phương trình ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+3y+2z=8\\2.1+2y+z=6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\).
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\).
b) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=7\left(1\right)\\3x-2y+2z=5\left(2\right)\\4x-y+3z=10\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\) ta có: \(4x-y+3z=12\). (4)
Từ (3) và (4): \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-y+3z=12\\4x-y+3z=10\end{matrix}\right.\) (vô nghiệm).
Vậy hệ phương trình vô nghiệm.
Trừ theo vế hai pt đầu của hệ:
(x-y)(x+y-z)=0\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x+y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét x=y. Khi đó ta có hệ mới:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2+yz=4\\z^2+y^2=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>5y2+5yz=2z2+2y2<=>3y2+5yz-2z2=0<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{1}{3}z\\y=-2z\end{matrix}\right.\)
y=-2z=>(-2z)2-2z.z=4<=>2z2=4<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}z=\sqrt{2}\rightarrow x=y=-2\sqrt{2}\\z=-\sqrt{2}\rightarrow x=y=2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(y=\frac{1}{3}z\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{3}z\right)^2+\frac{1}{3}z.z=4\Leftrightarrow z^2=9\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}z=3\rightarrow x=y=1\\z=-3\rightarrow x=y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét x+y=z. Cộng theo vế hai pt đầu:
x2+y2+(x+y)2=8
=>4[(x+y)2+xy]=5[(x+y)2+x2+y2]<=>3x2-xy+3y2=0(pt vô nghiệm)
a/ \(x^4+y^4=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^4\le1\\y^4\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x\right|\le1\\\left|y\right|\le1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^4\ge x^6\\y^4\ge y^6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x^6+y^6\le x^4+y^4\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^4=x^6\\y^4=y^6\\x^4+y^4=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right);\left(0;1\right);\left(-1;0\right);\left(0;-1\right)\)
b/ \(\Rightarrow x^9+y^4=1.\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^9+y^9=\left(x^5+y^5\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^9+y^9=x^9+y^9+x^5y^4+x^4y^5\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4y^4\left(x+y\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy=0\\x=-y\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;1\right);\left(1;0\right)\)
a,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-7x+3y=-5\\5x-2y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-14x+6y=-10\\15x+6y=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\5x-2y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-y=3\)
b,\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-2y=6\\-2x+y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=3\\2x-y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow2x-y=3\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có vô số nghiệm (x;y)= (a;2a-3), a tùy ý
c, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-0,5x+0,4y=0,7\\0,3x-0,2y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-0,5x+0,4y=0,7\\0,6x-0,4y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=15\\0,3x-0,2y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=15\\y=20,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
d, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{5}x-\dfrac{4}{3}y=\dfrac{2}{5}\\-\dfrac{2}{3}x-\dfrac{5}{9}y=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{5}x-\dfrac{4}{3}y=\dfrac{2}{5}\\-\dfrac{3}{5}x-\dfrac{1}{2}y=\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{11}{6}y=\dfrac{8}{5}\\\dfrac{3}{5}x-\dfrac{4}{3}y=\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{14}{11}\\y=-\dfrac{48}{55}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có: $x^4+y^4\geq 2x^2y^2\Rightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4\geq x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2$
Lại có: $x^2y^2+y^2z^2\geq 2xzy^2\Rightarrow x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\geq xyz(x+y+z)=xyz$
Vậy $\Rightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4\geq xyz$
Dấu = có khi: $x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}$