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Trừ vế cho vế:
\(x^2-y^2+5\left(x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+5\left(x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x\\y=-x-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thế vào pt đầu:
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x+4=0\\x^2-5\left(-x-5\right)+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x+4=0\\x^2+5x+29=0\left(vô-nghiệm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\Rightarrow y=1\\x=4\Rightarrow y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=11\\4x-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=11+2y\\4x-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\\4\left(\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\right)-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\\\dfrac{8}{3}y+\dfrac{44}{3}-5y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{11}{3}\\-\dfrac{7}{3}y=3-\dfrac{44}{3}=-\dfrac{35}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=5\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot5+\dfrac{11}{3}=\dfrac{10}{3}+\dfrac{11}{3}=\dfrac{21}{3}=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{y}{3}=1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}+1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\\5\left(\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\right)-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\\\dfrac{10}{3}y+10-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{14}{3}y=3-10=-7\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=7:\dfrac{14}{3}=7\cdot\dfrac{3}{14}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+5y=1\\2x-y=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+8\\3x+5\left(2x+8\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+8\\3x+10x+40=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x+8\\13x=-39\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=2\cdot\left(-3\right)+8=8-6=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x+y-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y\\x+y=10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{3}y+y=10\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}y\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{3}y=10\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=6\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot6=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y+4\\-4y-8+5y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\cdot5+4=14\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-30+6x=3\\y=10-2x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-2y\\6y-12+y=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{10}{7}\\y=\dfrac{19}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Điều kiện: \(y\ge0\)
pt thứ nhất của hệ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-x+3\right)^2=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow y-x+3=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow y=x-3\)
Thay vào pt thứ hai của hệ, ta được \(2x^2+3x+x-3-\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{x-3}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x-5=\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{x-3}\) \(\left(x\ge3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x^2+4x-5\right)^2=\left[\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{x-3}\right]^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4+16x^2+25+16x^3-20x^2-40x=\left(3x+1\right)^2\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4+16x^3-4x^2-40x+25=9x^3-21x^2-17x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4+7x^3+17x^2-23x+28=0\)
Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=4x^4+7x^3+17x^2-23x+28\)
\(f\left(x\right)=4x^4+7x^3+17x^2+4+4+...+4-23x+4\) (có 6 số 4 ở giữa)
\(f\left(x\right)\ge9\sqrt[9]{4x^4.7x^3.17x^2.4^6}-23x+4\) \(=\left(9\sqrt[9]{1949696}-23\right)x+4\)
Hiển nhiên \(9\sqrt[9]{1949696}>23\). Lại có \(x\ge3\) nên \(f\left(x\right)>0\), Như vậy pt \(f\left(x\right)=0\) vô nghiệm. Điều đó có nghĩa là phương trình đã cho vô nghiệm.
Lời giải:
a) Nếu $m=1$ thì hpt \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2(x+y)+|x|=4(1)\\ 5(x+y)-2|x|=1(2)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lấy \((1).5-(2).2\) thu được:
\(9|x|=18\Rightarrow |x|=2\Rightarrow x=\pm 2\)
\(x+y=\frac{4-|x|}{2}=\frac{4-2}{2}=1\)
Với \(x=2\Rightarrow y=1-x=-1\)
Với \(x=-2\Rightarrow y=1-x=3\)
Vậy hpt có nghiệm \((x,y)=(2; -1); (-2;3)\)
a)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12x+16y=-1\\3x+4y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)(vô nghiệm)
Vậy hpt vô nghiệm.
b)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5x-1}{5y-1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\5x-7y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-2=10y-1\\5x-7y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x-10y=1\\5x-7y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{97}{20}\\y=\dfrac{19}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hpt có tập nghiệm là \(\left(\dfrac{97}{20};\dfrac{19}{4}\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y-5xy=0\\x-5xy+y=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-y-5xy=x-5xy+y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=2y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
Thay vào (1):
\(2x-5x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(5x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=0\\x=y=\frac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;0\right);\left(\frac{2}{5};\frac{2}{5}\right)\)