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\(\frac{1}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{abc}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{abc}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)( GT abc = 1 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc}{ab+ac}+\frac{ac}{ab+ac}+\frac{ab}{ac+bc}\ge\frac{3}{2}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}ab=x\\bc=y\\ac=z\end{cases}\left(x,y,z>0\right)}\)ta được bất đẳng thức Nesbitt quen thuộc :
\(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)( em không chứng minh )
Vậy ta có đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = y = z <=> a = b = c = 1
Do giả thiết abc=1abc=1 nên
\dfrac{1}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{bc}{a^2bc\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{bc}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{bc}{ab+ac}a2(b+c)1=a2bc(b+c)bc=a(b+c)bc=ab+acbc
Đặt x=bc,y=ca,z=abx=bc,y=ca,z=ab thì x,y,z>0x,y,z>0 và bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh trở thành bất đẳng thức quen thuộc
\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}y+zx+z+xy+x+yz≥23.
Nhìn qua đã biết là đề sai rồi bạn
Cho \(a,b,c\) các giá trị lớn ví dụ \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy sai ngay
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^3(b+c)}+\frac{a(b+c)}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^3(b+c)}.\frac{a(b+c)}{4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4a^2}}=\frac{1}{a}=\frac{abc}{a}=bc\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b(c+a)}{4}\geq \frac{1}{b}=ac\)
\(\frac{1}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c(a+b)}{4}\geq \frac{1}{c}=ab\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}+\frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng AM-GM: \(ab+bc+ac\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\ge \frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Lời giải:
Đặt vế trái là $A$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)(a+b+b+c+c+c)\geq (1+1+1+1+1+1)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\geq \frac{36}{a+2b+3c}\)
Hoàn toàn TT:
\(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{3}{a}\geq \frac{36}{b+2c+3a}\)
\(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{a}+\frac{3}{b}\geq \frac{36}{c+2a+3b}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow 6\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\geq 36A\)
\(\Rightarrow A\leq \frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Theo đkđb: \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)
Do đó: \(A\leq \frac{1}{6}< \frac{3}{16}\) (đpcm)
\(2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{1+a}{1-a}+\dfrac{1+b}{1-b}+\dfrac{1+c}{1-c}\)
Thay thế \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{2a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+2b+c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+b+2c}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{2a}{b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2b}{a}+\dfrac{2c}{b}+\dfrac{2a}{c}\ge\dfrac{2a}{b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{2b}{a}-\dfrac{2b}{a+c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2c}{b}-\dfrac{2c}{a+b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2a}{c}-\dfrac{2a}{b+c}\right)\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2bc}{a\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{2ca}{b\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{2ab}{c\left(b+c\right)}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{bc}{a\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{b\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{c\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{abc\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{abc\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c+a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2abc}\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2abc}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge6abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2ab^2c+2abc^2+2a^2bc\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\ge3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge abc\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b^2+b^2c^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^4c^2}=2ab^2c\\b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2c^4}=2abc^2\\a^2b^2+c^2a^2\ge2\sqrt{a^4b^2c^2}=2a^2bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\ge2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge abc\) ( đpcm )
Vì \(\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2abc}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{abc\left(b+c\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{1+a}{1-a}+\dfrac{1+b}{1-b}+\dfrac{1+c}{1-c}\)( đpcm )