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1/ She can’t be employed because she doesn’t have a college degree.
=>If she had a college degree, she would be employed.
2/ I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year.
=>If I had enough money, I could go on a long holiday this year.
3/ He is very slow, so we won’t give his such an important task.
=>Because he is very slow, we won’t give his such an important task.
4/ I’ll have to work this Sunday, so I shan’t join your picnic.
=>Because I have to work this Sunday, I shan’t join your picnic.
5/ He works overtime to get more money because he has to pay father’s debt.
=>He works overtime to get more money because of his father’s debt.
6/ City life isn’t enjoyable because everything is very expensive.
=>Everything is very expensive, so city life isn’t enjoyable.
7/ There are industrial factories inside the city, that’s why pollution can’t be reduced.
=>There are industrial factories inside the city, so pollution can’t be reduced.
8/ Everything on the earth grows well because the sun always shines.
=>Everything on the earth grows well because of the sunshine.
9/ There is a grammar error in this English composition, that’s why it can’t get a full mark.
=>There is a grammar error in this English composition, so it can’t get a full mark.
10/ I don’t have a typewriter. I can’t type it myself.
I can’t type it myself because I don’t have a typewriter.
=>If I buy a new hat, I'll give it to u
12. Today isn't Sunnday. The pupils can't go swimming.
=>If today was Sunday the pupils could go swimming
13. He wasn't here. He didn't have a lot of fun.
=>If he had been here he would have a lot of fun
14. My brother will have anough money. He will buy a bicycle.
=>If my father has enough money he'll buy a bicycle
15. He didn't have time. He didn't read this novel.
=>If he had had time he would have read thí novel
16. Because she missed the bus, she was late.
=>If she hadn't missed the bus she wouln't have been late
17. Peter doesn't study hard, so he can't get good marks.
=>If Peter studied hard he could get good marks
18. My sister is absent from her class because she has a terrible headache.
=>If my sister didn't have a terrible headache she would be absent from her class
19. Windy didn't come, so we cancelled the meeting.
=>If windy had come we wouldn't have cancelled the meeting
20. He was angry, so he didn't say anything.
=>If he hadn't angry he would have said something
I. Put the verds in brackets into the correct forms:
1. If I (have) .have.... time, I will write to him.
2. If it's cold, I (need) .will need... a heavier coat
3. What are you going to do if you (have).have... a holiday?
4. If I meet Helen, I (give)..will give... her your messenger
5. If I can go tomorrow, I (let)...will let.. you know
6. If flowers don't get any water, they (die)..will die..
7. Don't come if they (not call)..don't call..you
8. If I didn't feel so tired, I (go)...would go. out with you.
9. I could repair the car if I (have).had... the right tools.
10. If she hadn't been ill yesterday, she (go).would have gone.... to work now.
II. Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same:
1. If you don't like this one, I'll bring you another.
=> Unless you like this one, I'll bring you another.
2. I'll only help you if you promise to try harder.
=> Unless you promise to try harder,. I won't help you
3. Unless you work hard, you will not fail the exam
=> If you don't work hard, you will not fail the exam
4. Stand up or you will be punished.
=> Unless you don't Stand up ,you will be punished.
5. Do your homework or you will get bad mark
=> If you don't Do your homework,you will get bad mark
III. Rewrite these sentences use "If"
1. I don't know enough about this machine, so I can't mend it myself.
=> If I knew enough about this machine, I could mend it myself.
2. I don't ride the bus to work every morning because it's always so crowed
=> If it weren't always so crowed, I would ride the bus to work every morning
3. The wwind is blowing hard, so I won't take the boat out for ride.
=> If The wwind wern't blowing hard, I would take the boat out for ride.
4. Nick can'r find the way because he doesn't have a map.
=> If Nick had a map,He could find the way
5. Susan felt sick because she ate many cream cake.
=> If susan hadn't eaten many crea, cake,she wouldn't have felt sick
6. Without this treatment, the patient would have died.
=> If it hadn't been for this treament, the patient would have died.
7. Those people weren't prepared to face the floods; therefore, the consequence was disastrous
=>If Those people had been prepared to face the floods; the consequence wouldn't have been disastrous
IV. Rewrite these sentences
1. The book was so expensive that I didn't buy it.
=> The book was too expensive for me to buy
2. He can touch the light because he's very tall
=> He is tall enough to touch the light
3. It is such good weather that they are going for picnic.
=> The weather is so good that they are going for picnic.
4. I didn't go and neither did my friend (either)
=> I didn't go and my friend didn't,either
A.Rewrite the following sentences using the second conditional sentences.
1. I can't give you a lift because I don't have a car.
If...........................I HAD A CAR, I COULD GIVE YOU A LIFT...............................
2. We won't have a holiday because we don't have enough money.
If.............WE HAD ENOUGH MONEY ,Ư WE WOULD HAVE A HOLIDAY...............................................
3. I don't know the answer, so I can't tell you.
If.............I KNEW THE ANSWER , I COULD TELL YOU.....................................,............
4. There aren't any eggs so I won't make an omelette.
If.......THERE WERE SOME EGGS , I WOULD MAKE OMELETTE.................................................
5. We have three children, so we won't take a year off to travel around the world.
If.............WE DIDN'T HAVE THREE CHILDREN , WE WOULD TAKE A YEAR OFF TO TRAVEL ẢOUND THE WORLD.................,...........................
6. I'm not very clever, so I won't be a doctor.
If................I WERE VERY CLEVER , WOULD BE A DOCTOR......................................
7. He spends all his money gambling. He isn't a wealthy man.
If.............HE WERE A WEALTHY MAN , HE WOULDN'T SPEND ALL HIS MONEY GAMBLING...................................................................
8. I don't have any spare time. I won't learn Russian.
If..........,........I HAD SOME TIME , I WOULD LEARN RUSSIAN.......................................,............
9. Jim works very hard. He has no tine to spend with his family.
If.....................IF JIM DIDN'T WORK HARD, HE WOULD HAVE TIME TO SPEND WITH HIS FAMILY............................................
10. I have a headache. I can't go swimming.
If................ DIDN'T HAVE A HEADACHE , I COULD GO SWIMMING...................................................
11. We don't have a big house. We can't invite friends to stay.
If..................WE HAD A BIG HOUSE , WE COULD INVITE FRIENDS TO STAY..................................................
1 I'm busy so i can't go out with my friends
➞ If i had free time, i could go out with my friends
2 He plays soccer well so he can take part in the Games
➞ If he plays soccer well, he can take part in the Games
3 She can't go to the party because i don't invite her
➞ If i invited her, she could go to the party
4 I can't get a job easily because I don't have a degree
➞ If i had a degree, i could get a job easily
5 He doesn't have enough money , so he doesn't buy a house
➞ If he had enough money, he would buy a house
6 It is raining heavily so we can't go to the market
➞ If it weren't raining heavily, we could go to the market
7 He will go to watch the World Cup because he is studying in Russi
➞ If he studies in Russi, he will go to watch World Cup
8 I didn't talk to him because i didn't know him
➞ If i had knonw him, i would have talked to him
9 John didn't have money so he couldn't lend you some
➞ If he had had money, he could have lent you some
10 We couldn't go out because the weather was so bad
➞If the weather hadn't been so bad, we could have gone out
11 Mary didn't wear the raincoat, so she got a cold
➞If Mary had worn the raincoast, she wouldn't have got cold
12 Marry was injured in the crash because she wasnot wearing the seat belt
➞ If Marry had been wearing the seat belt, she wouldn't have been injured in the crash
13 Carol didn't answer the phone because he was studying
➞ If Carol hadn't been studying, he would have answered
14 You didn't eat breakfast, so you are hungry now
➞If you had eaten breakfast, you wouldn't be hungry now
15 I stayed up late last night, so i feel asleep now
➞If i hadn't stayed up late last night, i wouldn't feel asleep now
16 I can't retell the film now because i didn't watch it last night
➞If i had watched the film last night, i could retell it now
17 He is tired now because he drank too much yesterday evening
➞If he hadn't drunk too much yesterday evening, he wouldn't be tired now
18 I bought the car yesterday, so I run out of money now
➝ If i hadn't bought the car yesterday, i wouldn't run out of money now
19 He didn't go to the class regularly, so he can't take part in the competition now
➞If he had gone to the class regularly, he could take part in the competition now
Ex1: (Conditionals,I wish,Past Subjunctive) Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentences printed before it
1,The only reason Jimmy often gets bad marks is because he is lazy
If Jimmy weren't lazy, he wouldn't often get bad marks.
2,We got lost because we didn't have a map
If we had had a map, we wouldn't have got lost.
3,We didn't go on holiday because we did not have enough money
If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday.
4,She didn't hurry,so she missed the train
If she had hurried, she wouldn't have missed the train.
5,I bought beef because I didn't know she couldn't eat it
If I had known she couldn't eat beef, I wouldn't have bought beef.
6,Providing that you leave a forwarding address,we will be able to contact you
Unless you leave a forwarding address, we will be able to contact you.
7,Unless you save some money,you will never be able to buy a car
Provided that you save some money, you will be able to buy a car.
8,The boys don't have any matches,so they can't light the fire
If the boys had some matches, they could light the fire.
Ex1: (Conditionals,I wish,Past Subjunctive) Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentences printed before it
1,The only reason Jimmy often gets bad marks is because he is lazy
If Jimmy.....weren't lazy , he wouldn't often get bad marks
2,We got lost because we didn't have a map
If we.....had a map , we wouldn't get lost
3,We didn't go on holiday because we did not have enough money
If we.had enough money , we would go on holiday ...
4,She didn't hurry,so she missed the train
If she.had hurried , she would have missed...
5,I bought beef because I didn't know she couldn't eat it
If I.... had known she couldn't eat beef, I wouldn't have bought beef.
6,Providing that you leave a forwarding address,we will be able to contact you
Unless you leave a forwarding address, we will be able to contact you
7,Unless you save some money,you will never be able to buy a car
Provided that.. you save some money, you will be able to buy a car...
8,The boys don't have any matches,so they can't light the fire
If the boys. had some matches, they could light the fire...
1) It is late now; I don't think Ann will come to see us
-> I would be surprised if Ann came to see us.
2)We don't go on holiday because we don't have enough money
-> If we had enough money, we would go on holiday.
3) Do these exercises more carefully or you will fail the exams
-> Unless you do these exercises more carefully, you will fail the exams.
4) I do not know the answer so I can not tell you
-> If I knew the answer, I could tell you.
5) She can't apply for the job because she doesn't know French
-> If she knew French, she could apply for the job.
6) if she didn't come here now, we'd come back home
-> Unless she came here now, we'd come back home.
7) Be careful or you will not be able to get the job
-> Unless you are careful, you will be able to get the job.
8) The trees will die unless it rains soon
-> If it doesn't rains soon, the trees will die.
II . combine the sentences using '' enough + noun + to + v ''
1. we have money . we can buy that motorbike
-> We have enough money to buy that motorbike.
2. she has a lot of free time . she can go to the movies with us
-> She has enough free time to go to the movies with us.
3. Mr . Brown has experience . he can solve this problem
-> Mr. Brown has enough experience to solve this problem.
4. I don't know enough Japanese . I can't understand what they said
-> I don't know enough Japanese to understand what they said.
5. they didn't finish the work . they didn't have enough time
-> They didn't have enough time to finish the work.
bài 1:Rewrite the following sentences
1.i won't come if they don't invite me
unless you invite me, i won't come
2.he doesn't have a friend,so he is lonely
-> he is lonely because he doesn't have a friend
3.the weather is rainy, i can't go camping
-> i can't go camping because the weather is rainy
4.if you don't leave me alone, i'll call the police
-> unless you leave me alone, i'll call the police
5. you can't fly because you don't have wings
-> you don't have wings, so you can't fly
6.the children don't go to school because it is snowy
-> it is snowy, so the children don't go to school
7.you must tell me the whole truth or i won't help you
-> if you tell me the whole truth i will help you
8.the car breaks down so often because you don't take good care of it
you don't take good care of the car, so it breaks down so often
9.pass the exam and i will buy you a new computer
-> if you pass the exam i will buy you a new computer
bài 1:Rewrite the following sentences
1.i won't come if they don't invite me
If they invite me, I'll come
2.he doesn't have a friend,so he is lonely
Because he doesn't have a friend, he is lonely
3.the weather is rainy, i can't go camping
If the weather isn't rainy, I can go camping
4.if you don't leave me alone, i'll call the police
Unless you leave me alone, I'll call the police
5. you can't fly because you don't have wings
You don't have wings, so you can't fly
6.the children don't go to school because it is snowy
It is snowy, so the children don't go to school
7.you must tell me the whole truth or i won't help you
I'll help you if you tell me the whole truth8.the car breaks down so often because you don't take good care of it
You don't take good care of the car, so it breaks down so often
9.pass the exam and i will buy you a new computer
If I pass the exam, I'll buy you a new computer
Rewrite:
1. I'll help you if you promise to try harder
-Unless.......you promise to try harder, I will not help you ......
2. When you press this button, this machine will start
- If.........you don't press this button, this machine will not start ......
3. Today is an awful day, so we can't go to the beach
- If.......today weren't an awaful day, we could go to the beach ........
4. It is raining, so we can't go out
- Unless.........it is raining, we can go out ........
5. If you don't rest yourself, you really will be ill
- Unless.........you don't rest yourself, you really will be ill .......
6. Unless he phones immediately, he won't get any information
- If.........he doesn't phone immediately, he won't get any information ......
7. We got lost because we didn't have a map
- If.......we had had a map, we wouldn't have got lost ....
8. You'd better learn English
- If I were.......you, I would learn English .......
9. If you don't start at once, you will be late
- Unless........you start at once, you will be late .......
10. Unless you water the tree every day, it will die
- If.....you don't water the tree everyday, it will die .....
Rewrite:
1. I'll help you if you promise to try harder
-Unless...............you don't promise to try harder,I'll help you.........
2. When you press this button, this machine will start
- If..........you press this button, this machine will start.................
3. Today is an awful day, so we can't go to the beach
- If........ Today weren't an awful day, so we could go to the beach.....
4. It is raining, so we can't go out
- Unless...........it were raining, we could go out.............................
5. If you don't rest yourself, you really will be ill
- Unless...........you rest yourself, you really will be ill..........
6. Unless he phones immediately, he won't get any information
- If......he doesn't phone immediately, he won't get any information...
7. We got lost because we didn't have a map
- If..........we had had a map,We wouldn't have got lost.........................
8. You'd better learn English
- If I were.............you,I would learn English....................
9. If you don't start at once, you will be late
- Unless................you start at once, you will be late.................
10. Unless you water the tree every day, it will die
- If................you don't water the tree every day, it will die.........
1.If you didn't take exercise regularly, it wouldn't be the way to get fit.
2. If I had a dictionary, I could look the word up.
3.If I had his phone number, I would phone him.
4.If you didn't give me a ring, you might want a help.
5.If it wasn't raining, we would finish the game.
6.If thu bus weren't always so crowed, I would take it to school very morning.
7.If people realised how important it is to conserver energy, they wouldn't do nothing about it.
8.If David wasn't so clumsy, he wouldn't have a lot of accidents.
Ex1: Complete the conditional sentences, using the given information:
1. You should take exercise regularly because it is the way to get fit.
=> If you take exercise regularly, you will get fit.
2. I can't look the word up because I don't have a dictionary.
=> If I had a dictionary, I could look the word up.
3. I don't have his phone number, so I don't phone him.
=> If I had his phone number, I would phone him.
4. You may want a help, just give me a ring.
=> If you want a help, you must give me a ring.
5. It is raining, so we won't finish the game.
=> If it weren't raining, we would finish the game.
1. Press this button to stop the machine.
=> If you press this button, the machine will stop.
=> Should you press this button, the machine will stop.
2. Don't let the baby play with your computer. He can break it.
=> If you let the baby play with your computer, he will break it.
=> Were you to let the baby play with your computer, he would break it.
3. We don't have central heating, so the house is quite cold.
=> If we had central heating, the house wouldn't be so cold.
=> Had we had central heating, the house wouldn't have been so cold.
4. I didn't go to the gym yesterday because I had a headache.
=> If I hadn't had a headache yesterday, I would have gone to the gym.
=> Had I not had a headache yesterday, I would have gone to the gym.
5. I don't have a bicycle so I can't bike to work.
=> If I had a bicycle, I could bike to work.
=> Had I had a bicycle, I could have biked to work.
6. We will arrive late to the meeting if the taxi doesn’t come soon.
=> If the taxi doesn’t come soon, we will arrive late to the meeting.
=> Should the taxi not come soon, we will arrive late to the meeting.
7. I didn't know, that’s why I didn't tell you.
=> If I had known, I would have told you.
=> Had I known, I would have told you.
8. You drink too much coffee, that's why you can't sleep.
=> If you didn't drink so much coffee, you would be able to sleep.
=> Were you not to drink so much coffee, you would be able to sleep.
9. Unless you pay me, I won't finish the job.
=> If you don't pay me, I won't finish the job.
=> Should you not pay me, I won't finish the job.
1. Press this button to stop the machine.
=> ……If you press this button, you will stop the machine…………………………………………………………………………………………..
=> ……Should you press this button, you will stop the machine …………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Don't let the baby play with your computer. He can break it.
=> ……If you let the baby play with your computer, he can break it…………………………………………………………………………………………..
=> ………Should you let the baby play with your computer, he can break it. ………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. We don't have central heating, so the house is quite cold.
=> ……If we had central heating, the house wouldn't be quite cold. …………………………………………………………………………………………..
=> ………Were we to have central heating, the house wouldn't be quite cold. ………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. I didn't go to the gym yesterday because I had a headache.
=> ……If I hadn't had a headache, I would have gone to the gym yesterday…………………………………………………………………………………………..
=> ………Had I not had a headache, I would have gone to the gym yesterday ………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. I don't have a bicycle so I can't bike to work.
=> ………If I had a bicycle, I could bike to work………………………………………………………………………………………..
=> ………Were I to have a bicycle, I could bike to work ………………………………………………………………………………………..