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\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_{\text{4}}\)
0,15 0,1 0,05
\(m_{Fe_2O_4}=0,05.232=11,6\left(g\right)\\
V_{O_2}=0,1.11,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\
pthh:2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,1
\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=31,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
0,15 0,1 0,05
\(m_{Fe_3O_{\text{ 4}}}=0,05.232=11,6\left(g\right)\\ V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ pthh:2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,1 0,05
\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,1.158=15,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (1)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (2)
a) Gọi số mol của Mg là a (mol) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow24a+27\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}a=6,3\) \(\Rightarrow a=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,15\cdot40=6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,05\cdot102=5,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(a)\\ 4Al+ 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ \)
b) Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{O_2} = 21,8 -13,8 =8(gam)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{8}{32} = 0,25(mol)\\ V_{O_2} = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6(lít)\)
c)
\(n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)\Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 13,8(1)\\ n_{O_2} = 0,75a + \dfrac{2}{3}b = 0,25(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow a = 0,2 ; b = 0,15\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{13,8}.100\% =39,13\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% -39,13\% = 60,87\%\)
a)
Gọi số mol Fe, Mg, Al là a, b,c (mol)
=> 56a + 24b + 27c = 6,4 (1)
nHCl = 0,5.1,6 = 0,8 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
a--->2a-------------->a
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b----->2b------------->b
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
c-->3c---------------->1,5c
=>nHCl(pư)=2a+2b+3c= \(\dfrac{56a}{28}+\dfrac{24b}{12}+\dfrac{27c}{9}< \dfrac{56a+24b+27c}{9}=\dfrac{6,4}{9}< 0,8\)
=> A tan hết
b)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{18,4}{80}=0,23\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,23->0,23
=> a + b + 1,5c = 0,23 (2)
\(m_{Al}=\dfrac{6,4.33,75}{100}=2,16\left(g\right)\)
=> \(c=\dfrac{2,16}{27}=0,08\left(mol\right)\) (3)
(1)(2)(3) => a = 0,05 (mol); b = 0,06 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=2,16\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,06.24=1,44\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi số mol H2SO4 là a (mol)
Bảo toàn H: \(n_{H_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)
Có: \(m_{tăng}=m_{KL}-m_{H_2}\)
=> \(m_{KL}=48,6+2a\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_{KL}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Muối}+m_{H_2}\)
=> \(48,6+2a+98a=161,3+2a\)
=> a = 1,15 (mol)
=> \(a=\dfrac{1,15}{0,55}=\dfrac{23}{11}M\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,2-->0,15
=> V = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
b)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,3<----------------------------0,15
=> mKMnO4(lý thuyết) = 0,3.158 = 47,4 (g)
=> \(m_{KMnO_4\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{47,4.110}{100}=52,14\left(g\right)\)
\(a.n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\\ m_{hh}=27a+56b=4,17\left(1\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^{^{ }0}}2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^{^{ }0}}Fe_3O_4\\ m_{oxit}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot102a+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot232b=6,17\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow a=0,03;b=0,06\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}a+\dfrac{2}{3}b=0,0625mol\\ 2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^{^{ }0}}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,125mol\\ m_{KMnO_4}=0,125\cdot158=19,75g\\ b.\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,03\cdot27}{4,17}.100\%=19,42\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=80,58\%\)