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a)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{4,5}{18}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,125<-0,375<-------------0,25
=> V = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8 (l)
b) VO2 = 0,375.22,4 = 8,4 (l)
=> Vkk = 8,4 : 20% = 42 (l)
PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{7,2}{18}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{BaCO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_4}\\n_{O_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{BaCO_3}=0,2\cdot197=39,4\left(g\right)\\V_{CH_4}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\V_{kk}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot22,4}{20\%}=44,8\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\\ n_{O_2}=3.0,4=1,2\left(mol\right);n_{CO_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=22,4.1,2=26,88\left(l\right)\\ b,V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{100}{20}.26,88=134,4\left(l\right)\\ c,CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+H_2O\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ m_{kết.tủa}=m_{CaCO_3}=100.0,8=80\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=22,4\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{9,2}{46}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_5OH+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,6 0,4 0,4
\(a,V_{O_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=13,44.5=67,2\left(l\right)\)
b, \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,4.100=40\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3tt}=40.95\%=38\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=2n_{C_2H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=3n_{C_2H_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=16,8\left(l\right)\)
a, \(V_{O_2}=61,6.20\%=12,32\left(l\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2C_2H_6+7O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+6H_2O\)
\(C_3H_4+4O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_6}+n_{C_3H_4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7}{2}n_{C_2H_6}+4n_{C_3H_4}=0,55\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_6}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_3H_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{0,1.22,4}{3,36}.100\%\approx66,67\%\\\%V_{C_3H_4}\approx33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(C_3H_4+2Br_2\rightarrow C_3H_4Br_4\)
Ta có: \(n_{Br_2}=2n_{C_3H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Br_2}=0,1.60=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddBr_2}=\dfrac{16}{8\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1.8}{18}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.05.......0.1..................0.1\)
\(V_{CH_4}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=0.1\cdot22.4\cdot5=11.2\left(l\right)\)