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Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}=m_A+m_{O_2}=16+64=80\left(g\right)\)
Ta có:\(\dfrac{m_{CO_2}}{m_{H_2O}}=\dfrac{11}{9}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m_{CO_2}}{11}=\dfrac{m_{H_2O}}{9}=\dfrac{m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}}{11+9}=\dfrac{80}{20}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=11.4=44\left(g\right);m_{H_2O}=80-44=36\left(g\right)\)
nO2 = 44,8 : 22,4 = 2 (l)
pthh X + O2 -->2 CO2 +H2O
2---> 4-------> 2 (mol)
=> mCO2 = 4 . 44 = 176(g)
=> mH2O = 2.18 = 36 (g)
Câu 1:
\(m_{hh}=6+2,2=8,2g\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6}{2}=3mol\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,2}{44}=0,05mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{hh}=3.22,4+0,05.22,4=68,32l\)
Câu 2:
BTKL: \(m_A+m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}+m_{CO_2}=80g\)
Ta có: \(m_{CO_2}:m_{H_2O}=11:9\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{80}{11+9}.11=44g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=36g\)
TK:
https://lazi.vn/edu/exercise/452918/dot-chay-16g-chat-a-can-4-48-lit-khi-oxi-o-dktc-thu-duoc-khi-co2-va-hoi-nuoc-theo-ti-le-so-mol-la-1-2-tinh-khoi-luong
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}8CO_2+10H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_4H_{10}}=\dfrac{11,6}{58}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2O}=1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO_2}=0,8\cdot44=35,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=1\cdot18=18\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(CaCO_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CaO+CO_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{CaO}=n_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaO}=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\\%m_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot100}{100}\cdot100\%=50\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(A_{CO_2}=0,5.6.10^{23}=3.10^{23}\) (phân tử \(CO_2\) )
2.
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_C=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) (1)
=> \(n_O=2nCO_2=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\) (*)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_H=2n_{H_2O}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\) (2)
=> \(n_O=n_{H_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) (**)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,8}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_O=2n_{O_2}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\) (3)
\(X+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+H_2O\)
Từ (1),(2),(3), (*), (**) suy ra: \(n_C:n_H:n_O=0,1:0,4:0\)
=> Công thức tổng quát của X là \(C_xH_y\)
có: \(x:y=n_C:n_H=0,1:0,4=1:4\)
=> X là: \(CH_4\)
Sơ đồ pứ: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(m_{CH_4}=3,6+0,2.44-0,2.32=6\left(g\right)\)
Giải thích các bước giải:
gọi a là số mol CO2
=>nH2O = 2a(mol)
nO2 = \(\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}\) =0,05(mol)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng
mY+mO2=mCO2+mH2O
=> 4 + 0,05.32 = 44a + 18.2a
=> a=0,07(mol)
mCO2=0,07.44=3,08 g
Ta có: \(\dfrac{m_{CO_2}}{m_{H_2O}}=\dfrac{11}{9}\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11}{9}m_{H_2O}\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL ta có:
\(m_M+m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}\)
=>\(m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}=4,8+19,2=24\)
=>\(\dfrac{11}{9}m_{H_2O}+m_{H_2O}=24\)
=>\(\dfrac{20}{9}m_{H_2O}=24\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=24:\dfrac{20}{9}=10,8\left(g\right)\)
=>\(m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11}{9}\cdot10,8=13,2\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL ta có:
\(m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}=m_M+m_{O_2}\)
......................... \(=4,8+9,2\)
..........................\(=24\left(g\right)\)
do \(m_{CO_2}:m_{H_2O}=11:9\)
Gọi \(m_{CO_2}=11x\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(m_{H_2O}=9x\left(g\right)\)
\(11x+9x=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20x=24\Rightarrow x=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=11x=11.1,2=13,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=9x=9.1,2=10,8\left(g\right)\)