Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow27a+24b=1,26\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,12\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{Mg}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,02\cdot27}{1,26}\cdot100\%\approx42,86\%\\\%m_{Mg}=57,14\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,02\cdot133,5=2,67\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,03\cdot95=2,85\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=40\cdot1,25=50\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,06\cdot2=0,12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=51,14\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2,67}{51,14}\cdot100\%\approx5,22\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{2,85}{51,14}\cdot100\%\approx5,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
bài 5
Fe+6 HNO3 đặc → Fe(NO3)3+ 3NO2+3 H2O
Cu+ 4HNO3→ Cu(NO3)2+ 2NO2+2 H2O
Đặt nFe= xmol; nCu= y mol
Ta có mhhX= 56x+ 64y= 12,0
Số mol khí NO2 là nNO2= 3x+ 2y= 0,5 mol
Giải hệ có x= 0,1; y=0,1 → %mFe=46,67%
=>%mCu=53,33%
Bài 1 :
\(n_{HCl}=0,7.1=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\frac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
a______6a_____________3a
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b_______2b____________b
Giải hệ PT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=8,3\\3a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,129\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{Fe}=\frac{0,04.56.100}{8,3}=26,98\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{Al}=100\%-26,98\%=73\%\)
Bài 1:
a+b) PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{17,6}\cdot100\%\approx63,64\%\\\%m_{Cu}=36,36\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{64}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{CuSO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=0,1\cdot400+0,1\cdot160=56\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
Quy đổi hh gồm Fe (a mol) và O (b mol)
\(\Rightarrow56a+16b=27,6\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(3n_{Fe}=2n_O+2n_{SO_2}\) \(\Rightarrow3a-2b=0,45\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,39\\b=0,36\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,195\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,195\cdot400=78\left(g\right)\)
Bài 3 :
a) $Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,15.24}{13,2}.100\% = 27,27\%$
$\%m_{Cu} = 100\% -27,27\% = 72,73\%$
b) $n_{Cu} = \dfrac{13,2 - 0,15.24}{64}= 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{muối} = 0,15.120 + 0,15.160= 42(gam)$
Bài 4 :
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)$
$56a + 24b = 18,4(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,2 ; b = 0,3
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{18,4}.100\% = 60,87\%$
$\%m_{Mg} = 100\% -60,87\% = 39,13\%$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{1}{0,8}= 1,25(lít)$
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
x------2x--------x---------x
2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
y---------3y-----y--------3\2y
ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=11,7\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,15 mol, y=0,3 mol
=>%mMg=\(\dfrac{0,15.24}{11,7}.100=30,77\%\)
=>%mAl=100-30,77=69,23%
b)
m HCl=1,2.36,5=43,8g
=>C%=\(\dfrac{43,8}{200}.100\)=21,9%
a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (2)
b) Dựa vào đề, ta thấy chắc chắn HCl dư
Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Fe là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=a\)
Gọi số mol của Mg là \(b\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=b\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=8\\a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=56\cdot0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=24\cdot0,1=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8}\cdot100\%=70\%\\\%m_{Mg}=30\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Fe}=n_{Mg}=0,1mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeCl_2}=0,1\cdot127=12,7\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,1\cdot95=9,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=22,2\left(g\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{HCl}=\dfrac{500\cdot16\%}{36,5}=\dfrac{160}{73}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{654}{365}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{654}{365}\cdot36,5=65,4\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=507,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{12,7}{507,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,5\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{507,6}\cdot100\%\approx1,87\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{65,4}{507,6}\cdot100\%\approx12,88\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 9,2 (g) (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: 2nMg + 2nFe = 2nH2 = 0,5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{9,2}.100\%\approx39,13\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx60,87\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
a)
Gọi $n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 65a + 27b = 11,9(1)$
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1; b = 0,2
$m_{Zn} = 0,1.65 = 6,5(gam)$
$m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,8.36,5}{125}.100\% = 23,36\%$