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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\) (pp trục căn thức ở mẫu)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n^2+2n+1-n^2-n\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng tính: \(S=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{400\sqrt{399}+399\sqrt{400}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)
Vậy S = 19/20
Xét phân thức phụ sau:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n+1}+\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1-n}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Thay vào ta được:
\(BT=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)
\(BT=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)
Đặt biểu thức đã cho là A
Tổng quát ta có: Với \(a\inℕ^∗\)ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\sqrt{a}+a.\sqrt{a+1}}=\frac{\left(a+1\right)-a}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a+1}.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a+1}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a}\right)}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a+1}.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a+1}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a+1}}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a+1}}-\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+1}}\)
Áp dụng kết quả trên ta có:
Với \(n=1\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Với \(n=2\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Với \(n=3\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{4}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}\)
.....................
Với \(n=399\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{400\sqrt{399}+399\sqrt{400}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+......+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)
a)\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right).\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2.n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
b)\(S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)
\( S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)
\(a,\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}\left(n+1-n\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\sqrt{n-1}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}-\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
b, \(S=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{4}+4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{400\sqrt{399}+399\sqrt{400}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)
bạn nên tự nghiên cứu rồi giải đi chứ bạn đưa 1 loạt thế thì ai rảnh mà giải, với lại cứ bài gì không biết chưa chịu suy nghĩ đã hỏi rồi thì tiến bộ sao được, đúng không
a) \(\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}+1-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)=2\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{3-1}=1\)
c) \(2\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{45}+\sqrt{500}=2\sqrt{5}-9\sqrt{5}+10\sqrt{5}=3\sqrt{5}\)
d) \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{5}-2}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{4}\right)}{\sqrt{5}-2}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{3}=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{1-3-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{-2-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}=-\sqrt{2}\)
e) \(\dfrac{1}{2+\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{2-\sqrt{3}}+5\sqrt{3}=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}-\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}{4-3}+5\sqrt{3}=-2\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{3}=3\sqrt{3}\)
f) \(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3}-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)=-1\)
g) \(\dfrac{5-\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}-1}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{\sqrt{5}-1}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}+1}=\sqrt{5}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}+1}=\dfrac{5+\sqrt{5}-4}{\sqrt{5}+1}=1\)
h)\(\sqrt{37-20\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{37+20\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{37-20\sqrt{3}+\left(5+2\sqrt{3}\right)}=\sqrt{42-18\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{3}+3\right)^2+6}\)
a: \(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{4}-\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot10\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot8\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}-12\sqrt{2}+64\sqrt{2}\)
\(=54\sqrt{2}\)
b: \(=2\sqrt{6}-4\sqrt{2}+9+4\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{6}=9\)
c: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1+\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\)
d: \(=\sqrt{\dfrac{4-2\sqrt{3}}{4}}+\dfrac{1-\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1+1-\sqrt{3}}{2}=0\)
♡
\(\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{2}{1+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)-2\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2+2\sqrt{2}-2+2\sqrt{2}}{1-2}=-4\sqrt{2}\)
♡
\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{5}}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=\left[-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{5}\right]\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=-\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=-3\)
♡
\(\dfrac{2}{7+4\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{2}{7-4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(7-4\sqrt{3}\right)+2\left(7+4\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(7+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(7-4\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{14-8\sqrt{3}+14+8\sqrt{3}}{49-48}\)
= 28
♡
\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3-\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{6-2\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}-2-2\sqrt{5}-2}{5-1}\)
= - 1
♡
\(\dfrac{4}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)}{1-3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}\)
\(=-2-2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}=-2-3\sqrt{3}\)
♡
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{4+\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}}\) (nhân [căn 2] vào cả tử và mẫu)
\(=\dfrac{2}{4+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5+\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{2\left(5-\sqrt{5}\right)}{25-5}=\dfrac{5-\sqrt{5}}{10}\)
Bài 50:
\(\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{10}}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{10}}{10}=\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{2\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{20}}=\dfrac{1}{6\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}+2}{5\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(2+\sqrt{2}\right)}{5\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2}}{5}\)
Ta có công thức tổng quát là \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}\left(n+1-n\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{400\sqrt{399}+399\sqrt{400}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\dfrac{1}{20}=\dfrac{19}{20}\)