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VI. Rewrite so that the second sentence means nearly exactly the same as the first one.
We have learnt English for 4 years.
We started to learn English 4 years ago.
My father started to give up smoking last year.
My father has given up smoking for a year.
They have worked in that factory since 2001.
They started to work in that factory in 2001.
Lan hasn’t written to Maryam for a month.
Lan didn’t write to Maryam a month ago.
Ha has lived in Hanoi since he was 12.
He started to live in Hanoi when he was 12.
I haven’t seen her for a long time.
I didn’t see her a long time ago.
How long have you learnt French?
How long ago did you learn French?
When did you start to listen to classical music?
How long have you listened to classical music?
I last saw her 10 years ago.
I haven’t seen her for 10 years.
How long have you bought this car?
When did you buy this car?
1 .We started to learn English 4 years ago.
2. My father has given up smoking for a year.
3. They started to work in that factory in 2001.
4. Lan didn’t write to Maryam a month ago
5.He started to live in Hanoi when he was
6.I didn’t see her a long time ago.
7.How long ago did you learn French?
8 How long have you listened to classical music?.
9. I haven’t seen her for 10 years.
10. When did you buy this car?
Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
31. I haven’t seen that coat before. ______ have you had it?
(How / How old / When / How long)
32. It’s nice to see you again. We ______ each other for a long time.
(haven’t seen / hasn’t seen / didn’t see / don’t see)
33. The girls have ______ gone to the cinema. They won’t be back until ten o’clock.
(since / still / yet / just)
34. I haven’t seen my parents ______ last Christmas.
(already / for / before / since)
35. This is the first time I ______ away from home.
(lived / have ever lived / lives / has lived)
36. This program must be new. I’ve ______ seen it before.
(ever / since / for / never)
37. ______ you ______ a holiday this year?
(Have … had / Did … have / Do … have / Has … had)
38. I wish this school ______.
(were bigger / is bigger / are bigger / was bigger)
39. I don’t think Jane will leave this Sunday. I wish she ______.
(won’t / will / wouldn’t / isn’t)
40. My house ______ broken into last night.
(are / is / was / were)
41. The meal ______ cooked when I came.
(was be / was being / is / is being)
42. How ______ this word ______?
(is … pronounced / are … pronounced / were … pronounced / is … pronounce)
43. A lot of money ______ in the robbery.
(were stolen / were steal / was stolen / was stole)
44. Do you ever wish you ______ a doctor some day?
(will become / would become / becoming / was)
45. When ______ the telephone ______?
(were … invented / were … inventing / was … invented / was … inventing)
46. Somebody ______ the car already.
(have cleaned / clean / has cleaned / cleaned)
47. She has ______ to Hue University.
(be accepted / been accepted / is accepted / were accepted)
48. We have ______ how to cook.
(been teach / be taught / been teacher / been taught)
49. My purse ______ yesterday.
(have taken / was taken / have took / is taken)
50. The details should ______ carefully.
(is checked / check / was checked / be checked)
Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
31. I haven’t seen that coat before. ______ have you had it?
(How / How old / When / How long)
32. It’s nice to see you again. We ______ each other for a long time.
(haven’t seen / hasn’t seen / didn’t see / don’t see)
33. The girls have ______ gone to the cinema. They won’t be back until ten o’clock.
(since / still / yet / just)
34. I haven’t seen my parents ______ last Christmas.
(already / for / before / since)
35. This is the first time I ______ away from home.
(lived / have ever lived / lives / has lived)
36. This program must be new. I’ve ______ seen it before.
(ever / since / for / never)
37. ______ you ______ a holiday this year?
(Have … had / Did … have / Do … have / Has … had)
38. I wish this school ______.
(were bigger / is bigger / are bigger / was bigger)
39. I don’t think Jane will leave this Sunday. I wish she ______.
(won’t / will / wouldn’t / isn’t)
40. My house ______ broken into last night.
(are / is / was / were)
41. The meal ______ cooked when I came.
(was be / was being / is / is being)
42. How ______ this word ______?
(is … pronounced / are … pronounced / were … pronounced / is … pronounce)
43. A lot of money ______ in the robbery.
(were stolen / were steal / was stolen / was stole)
44. Do you ever wish you ______ a doctor some day?
(will become / would become / becoming / was)
45. When ______ the telephone ______?
(were … invented / were … inventing / was … invented / was … inventing)
46. Somebody ______ the car already.
(have cleaned / clean / has cleaned / cleaned)
47. She has ______ to Hue University.
(be accepted / been accepted / is accepted / were accepted)
48. We have ______ how to cook.
(been teach / be taught / been teacher / been taught)
49. My purse ______ yesterday.
(have taken / was taken / have took / is taken)
50. The details should ______ carefully.
(is checked / check / was checked / be checked)
Chuyển đổi câu
1.I have nevre been to Malta before
=>It is..the first time i have been to malta
2.I had never been to Malta before
=>It...is the first time i have been to malta
3.When did he start working?
=>How long has he worked
4.The last time i saw her was a year ago
=>I last...saw her a year ago
=>I haven't..seen her for a year
=>It is..a year since i have seen her
5.We last went abroad a long time (Not)
=>we have not gone abroad for a long time
Hãy dùng từ gợi ý để viết lại mỗi câu sau sao cho nghĩa của câu không thay đổi.
1. When did they start wearing this uniform?
->How long ___have they worn this uniform___?
2. “Gone with the Wind” is the name of the novel.
->They have named __of the novel ''Gone with the Wind''____.
3. Learning English is not easy.
-> It ___is not easy to learn English___.
4. No one has grown maize on this farm.
->Maize ___hasn't been grown on this farm___.
5. Peter is the same age as David.
->Peter is as __old as David____.
6. You had better not touch that switch.
->If I __were you, I wouldn't touch that switch____.
7. The traffic was so bad that the journey took six hours.
-> It ___wok as such bad traffic that the journey tosix hours.___.
8. He was rescued from the mountain by John.
->It was ___said that he was rescued from the mountain by John___.
9. Ms. Sandy is the teacher I admire most of all.
->There __ is a teacher I admire most of all called Ms.Sandy___ .
10. The food is so stale that we cannot eat it.
->The food is __not fresh enough for us to eat ____.
Bai 1: USE THE CORRECT TENSE OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS.
1. I (met/was meeting) a friend while I (did/ was doing) the shopping
2. I ( turned/was turning) round and (saw/ was seeing) Paula
3. She ( wore/was wearing) a bright red coat when I saw her.
4. Mr and Mrs Smith are working hard these days to save money as much as they can because they....WILL BUY....(buy) a new house
5. I bought a pair of boots becaue I......WILL GO.......(go) skiing this Sunday
6. I can't meet you this evening . A friend of mine .....WILL COME....(come) to see me.
Bai 2: HOÀN THÀNH CÂU VỚI SINCE OR FOR.
1. It há been raining....SINCE ......lunch time
2. My boss has gone away.....FOR...ten days
3. I haved lived in England ....FOR...a year
4. She has lived in London.....SINCE ...1985
5. Please hurry up! We have been waiting ...FOR..an hour .
6. I have known her.....SINCE ...January
7. Nam's father há worked in thí company....FOR..20 years.
8. Have you learned English...FOR...a long time?
9. I haven't seen Tom....SINCE ...Monday
10. This house is verry dirty . We haven't cleaned it....FOR...ages.
Bai 3: DÙNG TỪ GỢI Ý VIẾT THÀNH CÂU HOÀN CHỈNH SỬ DỤNG HTHT
1.He/ have/a cold/ a week
HE HAS HAD A COLD FOR A WEEK
2. They/ buy/ the new house / april
THEY HAVE BOUGHT THE NEW HOUSE SINCE APRIL
3. My family / be / here/ Chrismas
MY FAMILY HAS BEEN HERE SINCE CHRISTMAS
4. We / not see/ each other/ 10 years
WE HAVE NOT SEEN EACH OTHER FOR 10 YEARS
5. Mr Clark/ work/ in the bank/ a long time.
MR CLARK HAS WORKED IN THE BANK FOR A LONG TIME
6. Tom and Mary/ go /to France/ last summer
TOME AND MARY HAVE GONE TO FRANCE SINCE LAST SUMMER
7. My sister / study/ English / she / be / six
MY SISTER HAS STUDIED ENGLISH SICE SHE WAS SIX
8. I/ not eat/ in that restaurant/ ages
I HAVE NOT EATEN IN THAT RESTAURANT FOR AGES
9. Mr Jobinson/ teach/ in this school/ 1987
MR JOBINSON HAS TAUGHT IN THIS SCHOOL SINCE 1987
10. I/ write/ this letter/ six o'clock
I HAVE WRITEN THIS LETTER SINCE SIX O 'CLOCK
Keeping the environment clean is very important.
-->It's ........very important to keep the environment clean........
They will show the time machine to the public when they finish it.
-->The time machine .......will be showed to the public when they finish it.......
How long is it since you used the car ?
-->When .......did you use the car.......?
We started living here fifteen years ago.
--> We have ......lived here for fifteen years......
1.It's very important to keep the enviroment clean.
2. The time machine will be shown to the public when it is finished.
3. When did you last use the car?
4. We have lived here for fifteen years.
Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa ko đổi:
1. The children have eaten this cake.
--> This cake..has been eaten by the children.........
2. We started working here three years ago.
--> We have worked here for three years.
3. This is the first time I've been on a plane.
--> I have never been on a plane before.
Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa ko đổi:
1. The children have eaten this cake.
--> This cake has been eaten by the children.
2. We started working here three years ago.
--> We have worked here for three years.
3. This is the first time I've been on a plane.
--> I have not been on a plane before.
Exercise 3. Write the sentences in another way, beginning as shown.
1. Someone reported that the situation was under control.
The situation was reported to have been under control.
2. It is said that she works 16 hours a day.
She is said to work 16 hours a day.
3. Someone thinks that the company is planning a new advertising campaign.
The company is thought to be planning a new advertising campaign.
4. Everyone expects that the soap opera will end next year.
The soap opera is expected to end next year.
5. It is alleged that the man drove through the town at 90 miles an hour.
The man is alleged to have driven through the town at 90 miles an hour.
6. Someone reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.
The President was reported to have suffered a heart attack.
7. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over a wall.
The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over a wall.
8. It is reported that the buildings have been badly damaged by fire.
The buildings are reported to have been badly damaged by fire.
9. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods.
Many people are reported to be homeless after the floods.
10. We all expected Marta would pass her driving test.
it was expected that Marta would pass her driving test.
11. People believe that he was killed by terrorists.
He is believed to have been killed by terrorists.
12. We knew that you were in town on the night of the crime.
You were known to have been in town on the night of the crime.
13. Journalists supposed that the footballer Wayne Johnson was earning £10 million a year.
The footballer Wayne Johnson was supposed to have been earning £10 million a year by Journalists
14. It is said that there is a secret tunnel between those two houses.
There is said to be a secret tunnel between those two houses.
15. We know that they lives in a small flat on the fifth floor.
They are known to live in a small flat on the fifth floor.
16. Lots of people believe that the Prime Minister and his wife have separated.
The Prime Minister and his wife are believed to have separated.
17. It is believed that the boy is wearing a white pullover and blue jeans.
The boy is believed to be wearing a white pullover and blue jeans.
18. Everyone expects that the hostages will be released soon.
The hostages are expected to be released soon.
19. It is reported that two people were injured in the explosion.
Two people are reported to have been injured in the explosion.
20. They say exercise is good for health.
Exercise is said to be good for health.
Exercise 6. Use the words in brackets to complete the sentence. Use the structure have some¬thing done.
1. We ___are painting the house__ (the house/ paint) at the moment.
2. I lost my key. I’ll have to __make another key___ (another key/ make).
3. When was the last time you __had your hair cut___ (your hair/ cut)?
4. You look different. ; __have you had your hair cut___ (you/ your hair/ cut)?
5. _is a newspaper delivered____ (you/ a newspaper/ deliver) to your house or do you go to the shop to buy one?
6. A: Can I see the photos you took when you were on holiday?
B: I’m afraid I ___haven't developed the film__ (not/ the film/ develop) yet.
7. A: What are those workmen doing in your garden?
B: Oh, we ___are building a swimming pool__ (a swimming pool/ build).
8. This coat is dirty. I must __clean it___ (it/ clean).
9. If you want to wear earrings, why don’t you ___pierce your ears__ (your ears/ pierce)?
10. A: My car has been serviced recently.
B: How often __do you have your car serviced ___ (.you/ your car/ service)?
Exercise 7. Choose the correct answer.
1. We can’t go along here because the road _____.
a. is repairing b. is repaired c. is being repaired d. repaires
2. The story I’ve just read _____ Agatha Christie.
a. was written b. was written by c. was written from d. wrote by
3. Why don’t you have your brother _____ the roof?
a repairs b. repair c. repaired d. to repair
4. The man died because medical help was not summoned. A doctor should _____.
a. be have called b. been called c. be called d. have been called
5. Something funny _____ in class yesterday.
a. happened b. was happened c. happens d. is happened
6. Many US automobiles _____ in Detroit, Michigan.
a. manufacture b. have manufactured
c. are manufactured d. are manufacturing
7. A lot of pesticide residue can _____ on unwashed produce.
a. find b. found c. be finding d. be found
8. We _____ by a loud noise during the night.
a. woke up b. are woken up c. were woken up d. were waking up
9. How did that window _____? ~ I don’t know.
a. get broken b. broke c. got broken d. broken
10. Some film stars _____ difficult to work with.
a. are said be b. are said to be c. say to be d. said to be
11. Last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It _____ everything in its path.
a. destroyed b. was destroyed
c. was being destroyed d. has been destroyed
12. Vitamin C _____ by the human body. It gets into blood stream quickly.
a. absorbs easily b. is easily absorbing
c. is easily absorbed d. absorbed easily
13. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? I don’t enjoy _____ at.
a. be laughed b. to be laughed c. laughing d. being laughed
14. John _____ last week.
a. had his house painted b. had painted his house
c. had his father to paint d. had his house paint
15. Today, many serious childhood diseases _____ by early immunization.
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
16. ‘_____ about the eight o’clock flight to Chicago?’ ‘Not yet.’
a. Has been an announcement made b. Has an announcement made
c. Has an announcement been made d. Has been made an announcement
17. ‘Has the commitee made its decision yet?’
‘Not yet. They are still _____ the proposal.’
a. considering b. been considered c. being considered d. considered
18. I might watch this programme. It _____ very funny.
a. supposes to be b. is supposed being
c. is supposed to be d. was supposed be
19. Do you get your heating _____ every year?
a. checking b. check c. be checked d. checked
20. Claude Jennings is said _____ his memory.
a to have been lost b. to be lost
c. to have lost d. to lose
Exercise 1. Put these sentences into the passive voice.
1. Should they help Jane with the sewing?
Should Jane be helped with the sewing?
2. The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car.
Judy’s car is being repaired by the mechanic
3. Must we finish the test before ten?
Must the test finished before ten?
4. They use a computer to do that job nowadays.
a computer is used to do that job nowadays.
5. Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course.
all travel expenses for this training course must be paid by employers
6. Did her story take them in?
were they taken in by her story
7. The bank manager kept me for half an hour.
i was kept by the bank manager for half an hour.
8. Has he spelt this word wrongly
has this word been spelt wrongly?
9. All his friends will see him off at the airport.
he will be seen off at the airport by all his friends
10. They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago.
beer used to be drunk for breakfast in England years ago.
11. Someone might have sent the letter to the wrong address.
the letter might have been sent to the wrong address.
12. They were cleaning the floor when I arrived.
the floor was being cleaned when I arrived.
13. They are digging the hole on the wrong side of the road.
the hole is being digged on the wrong side of the road.
14. They are going to steal your money if you’re not careful.
your money is going to be stolen if you’re not careful.
15. Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion?
have you ever been asked for opinion?
16. Alan’s knowledge of art doesn’t impress me.
i am not impressed by Alan’s knowledge of art
17. How do people make candles?
how are candles made>
18. They can’t make tea with cold water.
tea can't be made with cold water.
19. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?
when are the results of the contest going to be announced?
20. Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake.
the police werent imformed that there had been a mistake.
21. Where will your company send you next year?
where will you be sent by your company next year?
22. Who looked after the children when you were away?
who were the children looked after by when you were away?
23. Look! Someone is feeding the seals.
Look! the seals are being fed
24. Kathy had returned the book to the library.
the book had been returned to the library by Kathy
25. By this time tomorrow, the president will have made the announcement.
By this time tomorrow, the announcement. will have been made by the president
26. The pollution in the city was affecting people’s breathing.
people’s breathing. was being affected by The pollution in the city
27. Mrs Andrews hasn’t signed those papers yet. Has Mr Andrews signed them yet?
those papers haven’t been signed by Mrs Andrews yet. have them been signed by Mr Andrews yet?
28. Is a student pilot flying that airplane?
is that airplane being flied by a student pilot?
29. Where did they hold the 1988 Olympic Games?
where was the 1988 Olympic Games held?
30. Do they make those tractors in this country, or do they import them?
are those tractors made in this country, or are they imported ?
Exercise 2. Change active to passive, paying close attention to special structures.
1. Parents always give me proper encouragement.
proper encouragement is always given to me by my parents
2. I remember someone giving me a toy drum on my fifth birthday.
I remember being given a toy drum on my fifth birthday.
3. Someone saw him pick up the gun.
he was seen picking up the gun.
4. They asked me some difficult questions at the interview.
i was asked some difficult questions at the interview.
5. Don’t touch this switch.
this switch musn't be touched
6. He won’t let you do that silly thing again.
He won’t let that silly thing be done again
7. The real estate office will send you a copy of the sales contract.
you will be sent a copy of the sales contract by The real estate office
8. I didn’t expect the police to find my car.
I didn’t expect my car to be found by the police
9. I rarely hear her call her children bad names.
I rarely hear her children being called bad names.
10. Someone seems to have made a terrible mistake.
a terrible mistake seems to have been made
11. I think they should have offered Tom the job.
I think Tom should have been offered the job.
12. People say that Arthur robbed a bank a long time ago.
Arthur is said to have robbed a bank a long time ago.
13. They used to make little boys climb the chimneys to clean them.
make little boys used to be made to climb the chimneys to clean them.
14. They suggested banning the sale of alcohol at football matches.
They suggested the sale of alcohol at football matches should be banned
15. Take off your coat.
your coat should be taken off
16. They have sent that money to the poor families.
that money has been sent to the poor families.
17. He recommended using bullet-proof glass.
He recommended bullet-proof glass. being used
18. She loves someone praising her all the time.
She loves being praised all the time.
19. We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police.
he is believed to have special knowledge which may be useful to the police.
20. You need to have your hair cut.
your hair needs cutting
1, this is the first time we have taken part in a clean-up progran
we have never taken part in a clean-up program before.
2, this is the most polluted city i have visited
i have never visited a more polluted city than this before.
3, no environmental issue humans have ever faced is as serious as pollution
pollution is the most serious environmental issue humans have ever faced.
4, they haven't hereded the cattle on pastures for weeks
it has been weeks since they last herded the cattle on pastures.
5, how long ago did you start collecting coins ?
how long have you collected coins?