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\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\end{cases}}\)
Xét \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
Đặt \(\left(b+c-a;c+a-b;a+b-c\right)\rightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=a+b+c\)
Ta có:\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^3-3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y+z\right)+z^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=x^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+y^3-3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y+z\right)+z^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+xz+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
\(=3\cdot2a\cdot2b\cdot2c=24abc\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\) (chuyển vế qua)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
Do VP >=0 với mọi a, b, c. Nên để đăng thức xảy ra thì a = b = c
a) Biến đổi VT ta có :
(a2-b2)2 + (2ab)2
= a4 -2a2+b4+4a2b2
= a4+2a2b2 +b4
= (a2b2)2 = VP (đpcm)
b) Biến đổi vế trái ta có :
(ax+b)2 + (a-bx)2+cx2+c2
= a2x2+2axb+b2 +a2 - 2axb+b2x2 +c2x2+ c2
= (a2+b2+c2) + x2(a2+b2+c2)
= (a2+b2+c2) (x2+1) = VP (đpcm)
\(1.a\left(a+2b\right)^3-b\left(2a+b\right)^3\)
=\(a\left(a^3+6a^2b+12ab^2+8b^3\right)-b\left(8a^3+12a^2b+6ab^2+b^3\right)\)
=\(a^4+6a^3b+12a^2b^2+8ab^3-8a^3b-12a^2b^2-6ab^3-b^4\)
=\(a^4-b^4\)=\(\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
B1:a2+b2+c2=ab+bc+ac tương đương 2(a2+b2+c2) - 2(ab+bc+ac) =0
suy ra 2a2 +2b2 +2c2 -2ab-2bc-2ac=0
suy ra (a2 -2ab+b2) +(b2-2bc+c2)+(a2-2ac+c2)=0
suy ra (a-b)2+(b-c)2+(a-c)2=0 suy ra (a-b)2=0 tương đương a-b=0 suy ra a=b (1)
(b-c)2=0 tương đương b-c=0 suy ra b=c (2)
(a-c)2 =0 tương đương a-c=0 suy ra b=c (3)
từ (1);(2);(3)suy ra a=b=c.Mà a=b=c=9 suy ra a=b=c=3(đpcm)
bai 1 : ve trai : a2 + b2 + c2 = a.a + b.b + c.c = (a.b) + (b.c) +(c.a) = ab + bc +ca = ve phai
ma a+b+c=9 suy ra : 3+3+3=9 suy ra a ;b;c deu bang 3
vi ve trai = ve phai ma a ;b ;c =3 vay dang thuc duoc chung minh
Bài 1:
a) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3\right]-\left(b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c-a\right)\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)a+a^2\right]-\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac+a^2+ab+ac+a^2\right)-\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(3a^2+3ab+3ac+2bc+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(3a^2+3ab+3ac+2bc+b^2+c^2-b^2+bc-c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(3a^2+3ab+3ac+3bc\right)\)
\(=3\left(b+c\right)\left(a^2+ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(=3\left(b+c\right)\left[a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
b) \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
Bài 2:
Từ câu 1b ta đã chứng minh được:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
Thay a + b + c = 0 vào ta được
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)