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a) \(x^2-5x+10\)
\(=x^2-2.\frac{5}{2}x+\frac{25}{4}+\frac{15}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{15}{4}\ge\frac{15}{4}>0\)
b) \(2x^2+8x+10\)
\(=2\left(x^2+4x+4+1\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+2\right)^2+1\right]\ge2>0\)
1)
a) \(x^2+12x+36=\left(x+6\right)^2\)
b) \(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
Tick nha
3)
a)\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-x\left(x^2+2\right)=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+8-x^3-2x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=15-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\)
b) \(\left(x+3\right)^3-x\left(3x+1\right)^2+\left(2x+1\right)\left(4x^2\right)-5x+1=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+9x^2+27x+27-9x^3-6x^2-x+8x^3-10x^2+2x+4x^2-5x+1=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0-3x^2+23x+28=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x^2+23x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x\left(3x-23\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-x=0\\3x-23=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{23}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left(x^2-1\right)^3-\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^6-3x^4+3x^2-1-x^6-2x^4-2x^2-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-5x^4+x^2-2=0\)
Đặt \(-5t^2+t-2=0\)
\(\Delta=1^2-4\left(-5\right)\left(-2\right)=-39< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow PTVN\)
\(A=x^2+3x+7\)
\(=x^2+2.1,5x+2,25+4,75\)
\(=\left(x+1,5\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=4,75\Leftrightarrow x=-1,5\)
\(B=2x^2-8x\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-8\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vì \(x^2-4x+5=x^2-4x+4+1=\left(x-2\right)^2+1\ge1>0\) với mọi giá trị của \(x\) nên giá trị của biểu thức luôn luôn âm với mọi giá trị khác 0 và khác -3 của \(x\)
b/ \(3-100x+8x^2=8x^2+x-300\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-101x=-303\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
c/ \(5\left(5x+2\right)-10\left(8x-1\right)=6\left(4x+2\right)-150\)
\(\Leftrightarrow25x+10-80x+10=24x+12-150\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-79x=-158\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
d/ \(3\left(3x+2\right)-\left(3x+1\right)=12x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x+6-3x-1=12x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{5}{6}\)
e/ \(30x-6\left(2x-5\right)+5\left(x+8\right)=210+10\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow30x-12x+30+5x+40=210+10x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13x=130\)
\(\Rightarrow x=10\)
\(A=x^2-4x+1=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=-3\) khi \(x=2\)
\(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
\(\Rightarrow B_{min}=10\) khi \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{min}=-36\) khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(D=-x^2-8x-16+21=21-\left(x+4\right)^2\le21\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{max}=21\) khi \(x=-4\)
\(E=-x^2+4x-4+5=5-\left(x-2\right)^2\le5\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=5\) khi \(x=2\)
Bài 1:
a) \(3x^2-2x(5+1,5x)+10=3x^2-(10x+3x^2)+10\)
\(=10-10x=10(1-x)\)
b) \(7x(4y-x)+4y(y-7x)-2(2y^2-3,5x)\)
\(=28xy-7x^2+(4y^2-28xy)-(4y^2-7x)\)
\(=-7x^2+7x=7x(1-x)\)
c)
\(\left\{2x-3(x-1)-5[x-4(3-2x)+10]\right\}.(-2x)\)
\(\left\{2x-(3x-3)-5[x-(12-8x)+10]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-5[9x-2]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-45x+10\right\}(-2x)=(13-46x)(-2x)=2x(46x-13)\)
Bài 2:
a) \(3(2x-1)-5(x-3)+6(3x-4)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (6x-3)-(5x-15)+(18x-24)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 19x-12=24\Rightarrow 19x=36\Rightarrow x=\frac{36}{19}\)
b)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3(x^2-1)-5x(x+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3x^2-3-5x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -5x-3=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{5}\)
\(2x^2+3(x^2-1)=5x(x+1)\)
mk gợi ý, phần còn lại tự làm
a) \(A=x^2+2x+5=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
b) \(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
d) \(D=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
e) \(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
a) A = x2 + 2x + 5
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 4
= ( x + 1 )2 + 4
Nhận xét :
( x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 1 )2 + 4 > 4
=> A > 4
=> A min = 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x + 1 )2 = 0
=> x + 1 = 0
=> x = - 1
Vậy A min = 4 khi x = - 1
b) B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 4x + 1 + 10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10
Nhận xét :
( 2x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10 > 10
=> B > 10
=> B min = 10
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
=> 2x + 1 = 0
=> x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Bmin = 10 khi x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
c) C = ( x - 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 ) ( x + 6 ) ] [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 ) ( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x ) 2 - 62
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
Nhận xét :
( x2 + 5x )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 > - 36
=> C > - 36
=> C min = - 36
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x2 + 5x )2 = 0
=> x2 + 5x = 0
=> x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy C min = - 36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = - 5
d) D = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4x + 4 ) + 2
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2
Nhận xét :
( x - 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
( y - 2 )2 > 0 với mọi y
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 > 0
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2 > 2
=> D > 2
=> D min = 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 2 khi x = 1 và y = 2
Cm: Ta có:
a) A = x2 - 8x + 20 = (x2 - 8x + 16) + 4 = (x - 4)2 + 4 > 0 \(\forall\) x(vì (x - 4)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x ; 4 > 0)
=> A luôn dương với mọi x
b) B = 4x2 - 12x + 11 = [(2x)2 - 12x + 9] + 2 = (2x - 3)2 + 2 > 0 \(\forall\)x (vì (2x - 3)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x; 2 > 0)
=> B luôn dương với mọi x
c) C = x2 - x + 1 = (x2 - x + 1/4) + 3/4 = (x - 1/2)2 + 3/4 > 0 \(\forall\)x (vì (x - 1/2)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x; 3/4 > 0)
=> C luôn dương với mọi x
* Tìm x
3(x + 2)2 + (2x - 1)2 - 7(x + 3)(x - 3) = 36
=> 3(x2 + 4x + 4) + 4x2 - 4x + 1 - 7(x2 - 9) = 36
=> 3x2 + 12x + 12 + 4x2 - 4x + 1 - 7x2 + 63 = 36
=> 8x + 76 = 36
=> 8x = 36 - 76
=> 8x = -40
=> x = -40 : 8 = -5