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a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
\(P=\left(1+2\right)+2^2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{2020}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{2020}\right)⋮3\)
\(P=\left(1+2\right)+2^2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{2020}\left(1+2\right)\\ P=\left(1+2\right)\left(1+2^2+...+2^{2020}\right)=3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{2020}\right)⋮3\)
A=1/2+1/22+1/23+...+1/22020+1/22021 > B=1/3+1/4+1/5+13/60
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}A=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+\dfrac{1}{2^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{1}{2}A=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+\dfrac{1}{2^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}A=\dfrac{2^{2021}-1}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2^{2021}-1}{2^{2023}}.2=\dfrac{2^{2021}-1}{2^{2021}}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{2^{2021}-1}{2^{2021}}\)
a, A = 1 + 3 + 32 + 33 + ... + 32000
3.A = 3 + 32 + 33+ 33+... + 32001
3A - A = 3 + 32 + 33 + ... + 32001 - (1 + 3 + 32 + 33 + ... + 32000)
2A = 3 + 32 + 33 + ... + 32001 - 1 - 3 - 32 - 33 - ... - 32000
2A = 32001 - 1
A = \(\dfrac{3^{2001}-1}{2}\)
2A=2*(1+2+22+...+22020)=2+22+...+22021
2A-A=(1+2+22+...+22021)-(1+2+22+...+22020)
A=22021-1<2021
Giải:
A=1+2+22+23+...+22020
2A=2+22+23+24+...+22021
2A-A=(2+22+23+24+...+22021)-(1+2+22+23+...+22020)
A=22021-1
⇒A<22021
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Lời giải:
$3^{2022}+3^{2020}-(2^{2020}+2^{2020})$
$=3^{2020}(3^2+1)-2.2^{2020}=10.3^{2020}-2^{2021}$
Ta thấy: $10.3^{2020}\vdots 10$, còn $2^{2021}\not\vdots 10$ nên $10.3^{2020}-2^{2021}\not\vdots 10$
Bạn xem lại đề.
Đặt A=1/21+1/22+...+1/60=(1/21+1/22+...+1/40)+(1/41+1/42+...+1/60)
Ta có:1/21>1/40, 1/22>1/40,..., 1/39>1/40
=>1/21+1/226+...+1/40>1/40+1/40+...+1/40=1/40.20=1/2
1/41>1/60, 1/42>1/60,...,1/59>1/60
=>1/41+1/42+...+1/60>1/60+1/60+...+1/60=1/60.20=1/3
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/60>1/2+1/3=5/6>11/15
=>A>11/15 (1)
Lại có: 1/21<1/20, 1/22<1/20,...,1/40<1/20
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/40<1/20+1/20+...+1/20=1/20.20=1
1/41<1/40, 1/42<1/40,...,1/60<1/40
=>1/41+1/42+...+1/60<1/40+1/40+...+1/40=1/40.20=1/2
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/60<1+1/2=3/2
=>A<3/2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
=>11/15<A<3/2
=>11/15<1/21+1/22+...+1/60<3/2 (đpcm)
\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2020}+2^{2021}\\ \Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2021}+2^{2022}\\ \Rightarrow2A-A=A=2^{2022}-1\)
Vậy \(A\) và \(B\) là 2 số tự nhiên liên tiếp.