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\(a,\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\\ =\left[\left(x+y\right)+z\right]^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\\ =\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3-z^3\\ =x^3+y^3+z^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3-z^3\\ =\left(x+y\right)\left(3xy+3xz+3yz+3z^2\right)\\ =3\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(y+z\right)\right]\\ =3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(b,x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\\ =\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\\ =\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\\ =\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xz-yz+2xy-3xy\right)\\ =0\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xz-yz-xy\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
cho x,y,z nguyên và (x-y)*(y-z)*(z-x)=m. Chứng minh rằng: (x-y)^3 + (y-z)^3 + (z-x)^3 chia hết cho m
Một bài toán "lừa" người ta:
Đặt \(a=x-y,b=y-z,c=z-x\Rightarrow a+b+c=0\).
Ta có hằng đẳng thức \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\).
Trong trường hợp này thì \(a+b+c=0\) nên suy ra đpcm.
Xet ve phai :x^3+y^3+3x^2y+3xy^2-3x^2y-3xy^2+z^3
<=>x^3+y^3+z^3=ve trai
Xong
a, x^4 - 5x^2 + 4
= x^4 - 4x^2- x+ 4
= x^2 . (x^2 - 4) - (x^2 - 4)
= (x^2 - 4) . (x^2 - 1)
= (x - 2) . (x + 2) . (x - 1) . (x + 1)
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\\ =x^3+y^3+z^3-x^3-y^3-z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\\ =3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\:\left(đpcm\right)\)
• \(VT=\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+3z\left(x+y\right)^2+3\left(x+y\right)z^2+z^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3+3z+\left(x+y\right)^2+3xz^2+3yz^2-x^3-y^3\)
\(=3x^2y+3xy^2+3z\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+3xz^2+3yz^2\)
\(=3x^2y+3xy^2+3x^2z+6xyz+3y^2z+3xz^2+3yz^2\) (1)
• \(VP=3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
\(=\left(3x+3y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
\(=\left(3xy+3xz+3y^2+3yz\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
\(=3xyz+3x^2y+3xz^2+3x^2z+3y^2z+3xy^2+3yz^2+3xyz\)
\(=6xyz+3x^2y+3xz^2+3x^2z+3y^2z+3xy^2+3yz^2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(VT=VP\) (đpcm)
Ta có: \(\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-yz-zx-3xy\right)}{x+y+z}\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\ge0\left(\forall x,y,z\right)\)
=> đpcm
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3=\left[\left(x+y\right)+z\right]^3=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+c^3+3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left[xy+z\left(x+y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+zx+zy+z^2\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\Rightarrow\left(dpcm\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
T I C K nha cảm ơn bạn
(x + y + z)3 = (x + y)3 + z3 + 3z(x + y)(x + y + z)
= x3 + y3 + z3 + 3xy(x + y) + 3z(x + y)(x + y + z)
= x3 + y3 + z3 + 3(x + y)[xy + z(x + y + z)]
= x3 + y3 + z3 + 3(x + y)(xy + xz + yz + z2)
= x3 + y3 + z3 + 3(x + y)[x(y + z) + z(y + z)]
= x3 + y3 + z3 + 3(x + y)(y + z)(x + z)
a³ - b³ = (a - b)³ + 3ab(a - b)
a³ + b³ = ( a + b )³ - 3ab( a + b )
= [ ( x + y + z )³ - x³ ] - ( y³ + z³ ) = ( y + z )³ + 3x( x + y + z )( y + z ) - [ ( y + z )³ - 3yz( y + z ) ]
= ( y + z )³ + 3x( x + y + z )( y + z ) - ( y + z )³ + 3yz( y + z )
= 3( y + z ) [ x ( x + y + z ) + yz ] = 3( y + z ) [ x ( x + y ) + xz + yz ) ]
= 3( y + z )[ x ( x + y ) + z( x + y ) ]
= 3( y + z ) ( x + y )( z + x )