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b)a2+b2+c2≥ab+bc+aca2+b2+c2≥ab+bc+ac
⇔2(a2+b2+c2)≥2(ab+bc+ac)⇔2(a2+b2+c2)≥2(ab+bc+ac)
⇔2a2+2b2+2c2−2ab−2bc−2ac≥0⇔2a2+2b2+2c2−2ab−2bc−2ac≥0
⇔(a2−2ab+b2)+(b2−2bc+c2)+(c2−2ac+a2)≥0⇔(a2−2ab+b2)+(b2−2bc+c2)+(c2−2ac+a2)≥0
⇔(a−b)2+(b−c)2+(c−a)2≥0⇔(a−b)2+(b−c)2+(c−a)2≥0 (luôn đúng)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi a=b=c
a) \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)
b) \(x^3+y^3\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^3+4y^3\ge\left(x+y\right)^3\Leftrightarrow3x^3+3y^3\ge3x^2y+3xy^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2\left(x-y\right)-3y^2\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)
a: Ta có: \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2-x^2-2xy-y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Thừa số tổng quát:
\(\left(2n+1\right)^2=4n^2+4n+1=4n\left(n+1\right)+1>4n\left(n+1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{7^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(2.1+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2.2+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2.3+1\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}\)
\(< \dfrac{1}{4.1\left(1+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4.2\left(2+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4.3.\left(3+1\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{4.n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhyaxcopki, ta có:
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
ủng hộ cách khác không xài bđt bunhia:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-x-y-z\ge\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{2}=-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-x-y-z+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(z^2-z+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(z-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng \(\forall x+y+z=\dfrac{3}{2}\))
Giả sử bài toán đã có đầu đủ giả thuyết cần thiết rồi. (Thiếu giả thuyết nhá bác).
\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge\left(\dfrac{x+y}{2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{y+z}{2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{z+x}{2}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)-3\left(xy^2+xz^3+yx^2+yz^2+zx^2+zy^2\right)\ge0\)
Ta có bổ đề:
\(x^3+x^3+y^3\ge3yx^2\)
Thế vô thì bài toán được chứng minh.
1 cách giải khác:
\(bdt\Leftrightarrow8\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^3+\left(y+z\right)^3+\left(x+z\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+3\left(y+z\right)\left(y^2-yz+z^2\right)+3\left(x+z\right)\left(x^2-xz+z^2\right)\ge xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2+3\left(y+z\right)\left(y-z\right)^2+3\left(x+z\right)\left(x-z\right)^2=0\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
1a)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
2a)\(a^2+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}b\cdot a+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)Đã cm
c)\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2\ge2ab+2a+2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=1
\(x^2+5x-3=\left(x^2+5x+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)-\dfrac{37}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{37}{4}\ge-\dfrac{37}{4}\)
(đpcm)
\(x^2+5x-3\)
\(=x^2+5x+\dfrac{25}{4}-\dfrac{37}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{37}{4}\ge-\dfrac{37}{4}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\)