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a) Ta có: \(A=3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{1991}\)
\(=\left(3+3^3+3^5\right)+\left(3^7+3^9+3^{11}\right)+...+\left(3^{1987}+3^{1989}+3^{1991}\right)\)
\(=3\times\left(1+3^2+3^4\right)+3^7\times\left(1+3^2+3^4\right)+...+3^{1987}\times\left(1+3^2+3^4\right)\)
\(=3\times91+3^7\times91+...+3^{1987}\times91\)
\(=3\times7\times13+3^7\times7\times13+...+3^{1987}\times7\times13\)
\(=13\times\left(3\times7+3^7\times7+...+3^{1987}\times7\right)\)
Vì \(A=13\times\left(3\times7+3^7\times7+...+3^{1987}\times7\right)\)nên A chia hết cho 13.
b) Ta có: \(A=3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{1991}\)
\(=\left(3+3^3+3^5+3^7\right)+...+\left(3^{1985}+3^{1987}+3^{1989}+3^{1991}\right)\)
\(=3\times\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6\right)+...+3^{1985}\times\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6\right)\)
\(=3\times820+...+3^{1985}\times820\)
\(=3\times20\times41+...+3^{1985}\times20\times41\)
\(=41\times\left(3\times20+...+3^{1985}\times20\right)\)
Vì \(A=41\times\left(3\times20+...+3^{1985}\times20\right)\)nên A chia hết cho 41.
1)
a)\(B=3+3^3+3^5+3^7+.....+3^{1991}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=3\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6+.....+3^{1990}\right)\)
Vì \(3\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6+.....+3^{1990}\right)\)chia hết cho 3 nên \(B⋮3\)
\(B=3+3^3+3^5+3^7+.....+3^{1991}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(3+3^3+3^5+3^7\right)+.....+\left(3^{1988}+3^{1989}+3^{1990}+3^{1991}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=3\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6\right)+.....+3^{1988}\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=3.820+.....+3^{1988}.820\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=3.20.41+.....+3^{1988}.20.41\)
Vì \(3.20.41+.....+3^{1988}.20.41\) chia hết cho 41 nên \(B⋮41\)
A={2+2^2}+{2^3+2^4}+.......+{2^59+2^60}
={2.1+2.2}+{2^3.1+2^3.2}+....+{2^59.1+2^59.2}
=2{1+2}+2^3{1+2}+...+2^59{1+2}
=2.3+2^3.3+.....+2^59.3
=3.(2+2^3+...+2^59)
vi co thua so 3 => tich do chia het cho 3
A={2+2^2}+{2^3+2^4}+.......+{2^59+2^60}
={2.1+2.2}+{2^3.1+2^3.2}+....+{2^59.1+2^59.2}
=2{1+2}+2^3{1+2}+...+2^59{1+2}
=2.3+2^3.3+.....+2^59.3
=3.(2+2^3+...+2^59)
vi co thua so 3 => tich do chia het cho 3
a, Chứng minh rằng A chia hết cho 3
A = 2 + 22 + 23 + .....+ 260
A = ( 2+22 ) + (23 + 24 ) + .....+ (259 + 260 )
A = 2(1+2 ) + 23(1+2) +,...+ 259(1+2)
A = 2.3 + 23.3 + ....+259.3
A = 3(2+23+....+259 ) \(⋮3\)
=> đpcm
chứng minh ằng A chia hết cho 7
A = 2+22 + 23 + .....+ 260
A = ( 2+22 + 23 ) + (24 + 25 + 26) + .... + (258+259+260)
A = 2(1+2 +22 ) +24 (1+2 +22 ) + .... +258(1+2 +22 )
A = 2.7 +24.7 + ....+258.7
A= 7(2+24 ....+258 )\(⋮7\)
=> đpcm
Chứng minh A chia hết cho 15
A = 2 + 22 + 23 + .....+ 260
A = ( 2 + 22 + 23 +24 ) +....+ (257 + 258 + 259 + 260 )
A = 2(1+2+22 + 23 ) + .....+ 257(1+2+22+23)
A = 2.15 + ....+ 257.15
A = 15.(2+...+257) \(⋮15\)
=> đpcm
b,
chứng minh chia hết cho 13
B= 3 + 33 + 35 + + ..........+ 31991
B = (3+33 + 35 ) + (37 + 39 +311 ) + ......+ (31987 + 31989 + 31991 )
B = 3(1+32 +34 ) + 37(1+32 + 34 ) + ....+ 31987(1+32 + 34 )
B = 3.91 + 37.91 + ...+ 31987.91
B = 91(3+37 + ... 31987 )
B = 7.13.(3+37 + ... 31987 ) \(⋮13\)
=> đpcm
chứng minh chia hết cho 41
B = 3+33 + 35 + ...+ 31991
B = (3+33 + 35 + 37 ) + ...(31985 + 31987 + 31989 + 31991 )
B = 3(1+32 + 34 + 36 ) + ...+ 31985(1+32 + 34 + 36)
B = 3. 820 + ...+ 31985.820
B = 820(3+...+31985)
B = 20.41 (3+...+31985) \(⋮41\)
=> đpcm
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+..+\left(2^{59}+2^{60}\right)=3.2+3.2^3+3.2^5+..+3.2^{59}\) Vậy A chia hết cho 3
\(A=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+..+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)=7.2+7.2^4+..+7.2^{58}\) Vậy A chia hết cho 7
\(A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+..+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)=2.15+2^5.15+..+2^{57}.15\) Vậy A chia hết cho 15.
\(B=\left(3+3^3+3^5\right)+..+\left(3^{1987}+3^{1989}+3^{1991}\right)=3.91+3^7.91+..+3^{1986}.91\)
mà 91 chia hết cho 13 nên B chia hết cho 13.
\(B=\left(3+3^3+3^5+3^7\right)+..+\left(3^{1985}+3^{1987}+3^{1989}+3^{1991}\right)=3.820+3^9.820+..+3^{1985}.820\)Mà 820 chia hết cho 41 nên B chia hết cho 41.
D : để ý rằng \(11^k\) đều có đuôi là 1
nên D có đuôi là đuôi của \(1+1+..+1=10\)
Vậy D chia hết cho 5
Bn chỉ cần nhóm 2 số vào để ra số 82 = 3^4 + 1; 82 chia hết cho 41
Ta có: B = 3 + 35 + 37 + .... + 31991
=> B = (3 + 35) + (37 + 311) + .... + (31987 + 31991)
=> B = 3.(1 + 34) + 37.(1 + 34) + ... + 31987.(1 + 34)
=> B = 3.82 + 37.82 + .... + 31987. 82
=> B = 82.(3 + 37 + ... + 31987) chia hết cho 41