Question

[Duong Thi Nhuong]

Chứng minh nếu \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\) và a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh a = b = c

Answer 1

[Akai Haruma]

Lời giải:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)^3-3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)^3-3[(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)-abc]=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)^3-3(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)=0\)

Vì \(a,b,c>0\Rightarrow a+b+c>0\)

Do đó \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 2(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0\)

Ta thấy \((a-b^2;(b-c)^2;(c-a)^2\geq 0\), do đó điều trên xảy ra khi mà:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} (a-b)^2=0\\ (b-c)^2=0\\ (c-a)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Ta có đpcm.

Answer 2

[Trần Quốc Lộc]

\(\text{Ta có }:a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\ \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2=0\)

\(Do\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\ \left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\ \left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\text{Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: }\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-c=0\\b-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\a=c\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Vậy \(a=b=c\text{ }khi\text{ }a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)