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Câu b đề sai nha, bây giờ đặt \(a=\sqrt{2017},b=\sqrt{2018}\)
Ta có \(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}< a+b\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}\right)< ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3< ab\left(a+b\right)\)(1)
Mà \(ab\left(a+b\right)\le\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)=a^3+b^3\)(2)
Từ (1), (2) => Sai
a) Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{k+1-k}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}\)\(< \frac{2\sqrt{k+1}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\sqrt{k+1}\sqrt{k}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)
Cho k=1,2,....,n rồi cộng từng vế ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< \left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}\right)+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\)\(+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{4}}\right)+....+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=2-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n-1}}< 2\)
câu 1 tham khảo bn nhé
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Câu 1: Đặt \(S=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(1-y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(3-3y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\le\frac{3-3x+x+1}{2}=\frac{4-2x}{2}=2-x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\ge\frac{x}{2-x}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(3-3y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\ge\frac{y}{2-y}\)
Từ đó: \(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{x}{2-x}+\frac{y}{2-y}=\frac{x^2}{2x-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{2y-y^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz: \(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{x^2}{2x-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{2y-y^2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x+y\right)-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\frac{1}{2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{1}{2-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow S\ge\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\)(ĐPCM).
Dấu bằng có <=> \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\).
Câu 4: Sửa đề CMR: \(abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}=\left(1-\frac{1}{1+b}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+c}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+d}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}=\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}+\frac{d}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)(AM-GM)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)\(;\frac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Nhân 4 BĐT trên theo vế thì có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(abcd\right)^3}{\left[\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)\right]^3}}\)
\(=81.\frac{abcd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow81.abcd\le1\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu "=" có <=> \(a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{3}\).
ta có:\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow2015\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=abc\)
mà a+b+c=2015 \(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+ac\left(a+b+c\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+ac\left(a+c\right)+abc-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(ab+b^2+bc+ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+c=0\Rightarrow b=2015;b+c=0\Rightarrow a=2015;a+c=0\Rightarrow b=2015\)
VẬy.......
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