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Sửa đề: a,b,c,d>0
C/m: \(\left(\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{c+d}{2}\right)^2\ge\left(a+c\right)\left(c+d\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{c+d}{2}\right)^2=\left[\frac{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+d\right)}{2}\right]^2\ge\left[\frac{2.\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}}{2}\right]^2=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a+c=b+d
Làm thông thường thoy; khai triển ra xog chuyển vế
\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a^3+b^3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^6+a^2b^4+a^4b^2+b^6\ge a^6+2a^3b^3+b^6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^4+a^4b^2\ge2a^3b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^4+a^4b^2-2a^3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng \(\forall a;b\in R\))
Vậy bđt đã đc chứng minh
Ta có : \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge2ab+a^2+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
Chia cả 2 vế của \(\left(1\right)\)cho 4 , ta được :
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}=\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Xét hiệu
\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}-\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{9}-\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac}{9}\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left[3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-a^2-b^2-c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-a^2-b^2-c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\) \(\ge0\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c
\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ac\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
Các phép biến đổi là tương đương suy ra đpcm. \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Biến đổi \(4\left(a^3+b^3\right)-\left(a+b\right)^3=3a^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+3b^3=3a^2\left(a-b\right)-3b^2\left(a-b\right)=\left(3a^2-3b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)=3\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b>0\).
Từ đó ta có \(4\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^3\)
1)Áp dụng Bđt Am-Gm \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
2)Áp dụng Am-Gm \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;a^2+c^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
=>ĐPcm
3)(a+b+c)2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca\(\ge\)3ab+3bc+3ca
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ac+a2)\(\ge\)0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge\)0
4)đề đúng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(C=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+1+\frac{b}{c+a}+1+\frac{c}{a+b}+1\ge\frac{3}{2}+1+1+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)+\left(a+b\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\left(^∗\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)+\left(a+b\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\\\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\end{cases}}\)
Nhân vế của các bđt ta được :
\(VT\left(^∗\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
đặt b + c = x ; c + a = y ; a + b = z
\(\Rightarrow\)a + b + c = \(\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{y+z-x}{2};b=\frac{x+z-y}{2};c=\frac{x+y-z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
\(C=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}-3\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(6-3\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)