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\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b}{2}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{b\left(b+c\right)}.\frac{b}{2}.\frac{b+c}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}a-\frac{1}{2}b-\frac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)=\frac{3}{2}a-\frac{3}{4}b-\frac{1}{4}c\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{b^3}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}b-\frac{3}{4}c-\frac{1}{4}a;\frac{c^3}{a\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}c-\frac{3}{4}a-\frac{1}{4}b\)
Cộng theo vế 3 bđt ta được đpcm
BĐT tương đương với :
\(3a^4+3b^4+3c^4-\left(a^4+a^3b+a^3c+b^4+ab^3+b^3c+ac^3+bc^3+c^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3\right)+\left(b^4+c^4-b^3c-bc^3\right)+\left(a^4+c^4-a^3c-ac^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+\left(a-c\right)^2\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)\ge0\)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(3a^4+3b^4+3c^4\ge a^4+b^4+c^4+ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4-ab^3-bc^3-ca^3-a^3b-b^3c-c^3a\ge0\)
Theo AM - GM ta dễ có:
\(a^4+a^4+a^4+b^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^{12}b^4}=4a^3b\)
\(b^4+b^4+b^4+c^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{b^{12}c^4}=4b^3c\)
\(c^4+c^4+c^4+a^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{c^{12}a^4}=4c^3a\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta có đpcm
Biến đổi tương đương:
\(4\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge a^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+b^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-a^2b+b^3-ab^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)-b^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) luôn đúng do \(a;b\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Áp dụng bđt cô si dạng engel cho 2 số dương:
\(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\)
Vậy đẳng thức chỉ xảy ra khi \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}\)
\(\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge2\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3+4b^3-a^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-a^2b-ab^2+b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)-b^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)
( Luôn đúng với mọi \(a;b>0\) )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Xí trước phần b
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{abc}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{abc}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{abc}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{bc}{a^2b+ca^2}+\frac{ca}{b^2c+ab^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2a+bc^2}\)
\(=\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c+a^2bc^2}+\frac{c^2a^2}{ab^2c^2+a^2b^2c}+\frac{a^2b^2}{a^2bc^2+ab^2c^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{\left(ca\right)^2}{bc+ab}+\frac{\left(ab\right)^2}{ca+bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=1\)
Cách làm khác của phần b ngắn gọn hơn:)
Ta có; \(\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}\right)^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{\left(\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{bc+ab}+\frac{\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{ca+bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
c) \(\left(ax+by\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(ax\right)^2+2axby+\left(by\right)^2\le\left(ax\right)^2+\left(ay\right)^2+\left(bx\right)^2+\left(by\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2axby\le\left(ay\right)^2+\left(bx\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(ay\right)^2-2axby+\left(bx\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(ay-bx\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\)
Xét x^3 + y3 - xy.(x+y)
= (x+y) . ( x^2 - xy + y^2 - xy) = (x+y).(x^2-2xy+y^2)
=(x+y).(x-y)^2 >= với mọi x,y >=0 . Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y >=0
Áp dụng bđt trên cho a,b >=0 có VT = \(\frac{4\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{8}\)= \(\frac{a^3+b^3+3\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{8}\)
>= \(\frac{a^3+b^3+3ab.\left(a+b\right)}{8}\) = \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8}\) = \(\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^3\) = VP
=> ĐPCM
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b>=0
i don't know