Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Đặt \(P=x^4\left(y-z\right)+y^4\left(z-x\right)+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(P=x^4\left(y-z\right)+y^4\left(z-x\right)+z^4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^4\left(y-z\right)+y^4z-y^4x+z^4x-z^4y\)
\(=x^4\left(y-z\right)+y^4z-z^4y-y^4x+z^4x\)
\(=x^4\left(y-z\right)+yz\left(y^3-z^3\right)-x\left(y^4-z^4\right)\)
\(=x^4\left(y-z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)-x\left(y-z\right)\left(y^3+y^2z+yz^2+z^3\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[x^4+yz\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)-x\left(y^3+y^2z+yz^2+z^3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x^4+y^3z+y^2z^2+yz^3-xy^3-xy^2z-xyz^2-xz^3\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x^4-xz^3-xy^3+y^3z-xy^2z+y^2z^2-xyz^2+yz^3\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[x\left(x^3-z^3\right)-y^3\left(x-z\right)-y^2z\left(x-z\right)-yz^2\left(x-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[x\left(x-z\right)\left(x^2+xz+z^2\right)-y^3\left(x-z\right)-y^2z\left(x-z\right)-yz^2\left(x-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left[x\left(x^2+xz+z^2\right)-y^3-y^2z-yz^2\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x^3+x^2z+xz^2-y^3-y^2z-yz^2\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x^3-y^3+x^2z-y^2z+xz^2-yz^2\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-y^2\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left[x^2+xy+y^2+z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+xz+yz+z^2\right)\)
Đặt \(A=x^2+xy+y^2+xz+yz+z^2\)
\(A=\frac{2\left(x^2+xy+y^2+xz+yz+z^2\right)}{2}=\frac{2x^2+2xy+2y^2+2xz+2yz+2z^2}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+\left(x^2+2xz+z^2\right)}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(x+z\right)^2}{2}\)
=>\(P=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right).\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(x+z\right)^2}{2}\)
Ta có: \(x>y>z< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x>y\\y>z\\x>z\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x-y>0\\y-z>0\\x-z>0\end{cases}}\)
Dễ thấy \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0;\left(y+z\right)^2\ge0;\left(x+z\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi x;y;z
\(=>P>0\) (đpcm)
Câu 2:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z>=2\sqrt{yz}\\x+z>=2\sqrt{xz}\\x+y>=2\sqrt{xy}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)>=8xyz\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((x^4+y^4)(x^2+y^2)\geq (x^3+y^3)^2\)
\((x^3+y^3)(x+y)\geq (x^2+y^2)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (x^4+y^4)(x^2+y^2)\geq (x^3+y^3).\frac{(x^2+y^2)^2}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4\geq \frac{(x^3+y^3)(x^2+y^2)}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{x^4+y^4}{x^3+y^3}\geq \frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\).
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky: \((x^2+y^2)(1+1)\geq (x+y)^2\Rightarrow \frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\geq \frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{x^4+y^4}{x^3+y^3}\geq \frac{x+y}{2}\)
Hoàn toàn TT với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow P\ge \frac{x+y}{2}+\frac{y+z}{2}+\frac{z+x}{2}=x+y+z=2013\)
Vậy $P_{\min}=2013$ khi $x=y=z=671$
Bài 2:
a) Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}\) \(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4^2ab}}=\dfrac{2}{4\sqrt{ab}}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}\) (Đpcm)
b) Trừ 1 vào từng vế của BĐT ta được BĐT tương đương:
\(\left(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}-1\right)+\left(\frac{y}{x+2y+z}-1\right)+\left(\frac{z}{x+y+2z}-1\right)\le\frac{-9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\le-\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{2x+y+z+x+2y+z+x+y+2z}=\dfrac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\) (Đpcm)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a-1+b-1}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}\)
Nên cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge8\left(a+b-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge8a+8b-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-4\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
1) Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2\ge2xy\\y^2+z^2\ge2yz\\z^2+x^2\ge2xz\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
2) Áp dụng từ câu 1) ta có : \(x^4+y^4+z^4=\left(x^2\right)^2+\left(y^2\right)^2+\left(z^2\right)^2\ge\left(xy\right)^2+\left(yz\right)^2+\left(zx\right)^2\ge xy^2z+yz^2x+zx^2y=xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
3) Bạn cần sửa lại một chút thành \(x^4-2x^3+2x^2-2x+1\ge0\)
Ta có : \(x^4-2x^3+2x^2-2x+1=\left(x^4-2x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=x^2\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)