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Lời giải:
Thay $3=xy+yz+xz$ vào biểu thức:
\(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+xy+yz+xz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y^2+xy+yz+xz}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z^2+xy+yz+xz}}\)
hay \(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{(x+y)(x+z)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{(y+z)(y+x)}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{(x+y)(x+z)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{y}{\sqrt{(y+z)(y+x)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\frac{z}{\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{z+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x+y}{x+y}+\frac{y+z}{y+z}+\frac{z+x}{z+x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}\). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
solution:
ta có: \(3=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\Leftrightarrow xyz\le1\)(theo BĐT cauchy cho 3 số )
\(\Rightarrow xy\le\dfrac{1}{z};yz\le\dfrac{1}{x};xz\le\dfrac{1}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}\ge\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}=x\sqrt[3]{x}=\sqrt[3]{x^4}\)
tương tự ta có:\(\dfrac{y}{\sqrt[3]{xz}}\ge\sqrt[3]{y^4};\dfrac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}\ge\sqrt[3]{z^4}\)
cả 2 vế các BĐT đều dương,cộng vế với vế:
\(S=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt[3]{xz}}+\dfrac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}\ge\sqrt[3]{x^4}+\sqrt[3]{y^4}+\sqrt[3]{z^4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT bunyakovsky ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt[3]{x^4}+\sqrt[3]{y^4}+\sqrt[3]{z^4}\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(\sqrt[3]{x^8}+\sqrt[3]{y^8}+\sqrt[3]{z^8}\right)^2=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\)
đến đây ta lại có BĐT quen thuộc: \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge xy+yz+xz\left(đpcm\right)\)
dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x=y=z mà x2+y2+z2=3 => x=y=z=1
*cách khác : Áp dụng BĐT cauchy - schwarz(bunyakovsky):
\(S=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt[3]{xz}}+\dfrac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}=\dfrac{x^4}{x^3.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}+\dfrac{y^4}{y^3.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}}+\dfrac{z^4}{z^3.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}}\)
\(S\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)
Ta có : Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ba số ở mẫu ta được
\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt[3]{xz}}+\dfrac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}\ge\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{y+z+1}{3}}+\dfrac{y}{\dfrac{x+z+1}{3}}+\dfrac{z}{\dfrac{x+y+1}{3}}=\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}+\dfrac{3y}{x+z+1}+\dfrac{3z}{x+y+1}\)Thấy: \(xy+yz+xz\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\left(?!\right)\)
Ta phải chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}+\dfrac{3y}{x+z+1}+\dfrac{3z}{x+y+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}+\dfrac{y}{x+z+1}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{9}\)
Mà \(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}+\dfrac{y}{x+z+1}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+1}=\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz+x}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz+y}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz+z}\)
Theo C.B.S
\(\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz+x}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz+y}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz+z}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\)
Phải chứng minh
\(\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{1}{9}\)
Ta có : \(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2=3\)
Theo C.B.S : \(x+y+z\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z\le9\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{1}{9}\)
=> ĐPCM
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
\(\dfrac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}=\dfrac{x^3}{x\sqrt{1-x^2}}\ge\dfrac{x^3}{\dfrac{x^2+1-x^2}{2}}=2x^3\)
\(\dfrac{y^2}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}=\dfrac{y^3}{y\sqrt{1-y^2}}\ge\dfrac{y^3}{\dfrac{y^2+1-y^2}{2}}=2y^3\)
\(\dfrac{z^2}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}=\dfrac{z^3}{z\sqrt{1-z^2}}\ge\dfrac{z^3}{\dfrac{z^2+1-z^2}{2}}=2z^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+\dfrac{y^2}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}+\dfrac{z^2}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}\ge2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)=2\)
Tham khảo tại đây:
Câu hỏi của Hồ Minh Phi - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(VT=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2-xy}}{4yz+1}\ge\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2}}{\left(y+z\right)^2+1}=\sum\dfrac{\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(x+y\right)}{\left(y+z\right)^2+1}\)
Set \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\y+z=b\\z+x=c\end{matrix}\right.\)thì giả thiết trở thành \(a+b+c=3\) và cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.\sum\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)( đến đây quen thuộc rồi)
Ta có:\(\sum\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}=\sum a-\sum\dfrac{ab^2}{b^2+1}\ge3-\sum\dfrac{ab^2}{2b}\)(AM-GM)
\(VT\ge3-\sum\dfrac{ab}{2}\ge3-\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)( AM-GM)
Vậy ta có đpcm.Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1 hay \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\sqrt{x^3+8}+\sqrt{y^3+8}+\sqrt{z^3+8}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}+\sqrt{\left(y+2\right)\left(y^2-2x+4\right)}+\sqrt{\left(z+2\right)\left(z^2-2z+4\right)}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}A=\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right).\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{\left(y+2\right)\left(y^2-2x+4\right).\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{\left(z+2\right)\left(z^2-2z+4\right).\frac{1}{2}}\)\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}A=\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(\frac{x^2}{2}-x+2\right)}+\sqrt{\left(y+2\right)\left(\frac{y^2}{2}-x+2\right)}+\sqrt{\left(z+2\right)\left(\frac{z^2}{2}-z+2\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}A\le\frac{x+2+\frac{x^2}{2}-x+2+y+2+\frac{y^2}{2}-y+2+z+2+\frac{z^2}{2}-z+2}{2}=\frac{12+\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}}{2}=\frac{12+\frac{48}{2}}{2}=\frac{12+24}{2}=\frac{36}{2}=18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\le18:\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}=18\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2=\frac{x^2}{2}-x+2\\y+2=\frac{y^2}{2}-y+2\\z+2=\frac{z^2}{2}-z+2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=4x\\y^2=4y\\z^2=4z\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(x-4\right)=0\\y\left(y-4\right)=0\\z\left(z-4\right)=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=4\\z=4\end{cases}\left(v\text{ì}x,y,z>0\right)}}\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=18\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=4\)
Tham khảo nhé~
Lời giải:
Theo hệ quả của BĐT AM-GM:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\geq xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+y+z)^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+xz\leq 3\)
Do đó:
\(P=\sum \frac{xy}{\sqrt{z^2+3}}\leq \sum \frac{xy}{\sqrt{z^2+xy+yz+xz}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\leq \sum \frac{xy}{\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}\) (1)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{2xy}{\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}\leq \frac{xy}{z+x}+\frac{xy}{z+y}\)
\(\frac{2yz}{\sqrt{(y+x)(x+z)}}\leq \frac{yz}{y+x}+\frac{yz}{x+z}\)
\(\frac{2xz}{\sqrt{(x+y)(y+z)}}\leq \frac{xz}{x+y}+\frac{xz}{z+y}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(2\sum \frac{xy}{\sqrt{(z+x)(z+y)}}\leq \frac{y(x+z)}{x+z}+\frac{x(y+z)}{y+z}+\frac{z(x+y)}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2\sum \frac{xy}{\sqrt{(z+y)(z+x)}}\leq x+y+z=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sum \frac{xy}{\sqrt{(z+y)(z+x)}}\leq \frac{3}{2}(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow P_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)