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Ta có : \(8^x+8^x+8^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^x.8^x.8^2}=12.4^x\)
\(8^y+8^y+8^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^y.8^y.8^2}=12.4^y\)
\(8^z+8^z+8^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^z.8^z.8^2}=12.4^z\)
\(8^x+8^y+8^z\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^x.8^y.8^z}=3\sqrt[3]{8^6}=192\)
Cộng các vế , ta được :
\(3\left(8^x+8^y+8^z+64\right)\ge3\left(4^{x+1}+4^{y+1}+4^{z+1}+64\right)\)
hay \(8^x+8^y+8^z\ge4^{x+1}+4^{y+1}+4^{z+1}\)
a/
-Cauchy-Schwar
\(P=\sum\frac{a^4}{a\sqrt{b^2+3}}\ge\frac{\left(\sum a^2\right)^2}{\sum a\sqrt{b^2+3}}\)
Côsi: \(\sum a\sqrt{b^2+3}=\frac{1}{2}\sum2a.\sqrt{b^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}.\sum\frac{\left(2a\right)^2+b^2+3}{2}=\frac{1}{4}.\left[5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3.3\right]=6\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{3^2}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.
b/
Côsi: \(8^x+8^x+64\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^x.8^x.64}=12.4^x\Rightarrow8^x\ge6.4^x-32\)
\(\Rightarrow8^x+8^y+8^z\ge6\left(4^x+4^y+4^z\right)-96\)
\(4^x+4^y+4^z\ge3\sqrt[3]{4^{x+y+z}}=3\sqrt[3]{4^6}=48\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\left(4^x+4^y+4^z\right)\le-96\)
\(\Rightarrow8^x+8^y+8^z\ge6\left(4^x+4^y+4^z\right)-2\left(4^x+4^y+4^z\right)=4^{x+1}+4^{y+1}+4^{z+1}\)
Dự đoán dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=2\), áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(8^x+8^x+64\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^x\cdot8^x\cdot64}=12\cdot4^x\)
\(8^y+8^y+64\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^y\cdot8^y\cdot64}=12\cdot4^y\)
\(8^z+8^z+64\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^z\cdot8^z\cdot64}=12\cdot4^z\)
Suy ra \(2\left(8^x+8^y+8^z\right)+3\cdot64\ge12\left(4^x+4^y+4^z\right)\left(1\right)\)
Theo giả thiết ta có:
\(8^x+8^y+8^z\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^{x+y+z}}=3\sqrt[3]{8^6}=3\cdot64\left(2\right)\)
Cộng (1) với (2) theo vế ta có:
\(3\left(8^x+8^y+8^z\right)\ge12\left(4^x+4^y+4^z\right)=4^{x+1}+4^{y+1}+4^{z+1}\)
Bài 1:
\((x,y,z)=(\frac{2a^2}{bc}; \frac{2b^2}{ca}; \frac{2c^2}{ab})\) (\(a,b,c>0\) )
Khi đó:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}}{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}+\frac{4a^2}{bc}+1}+\frac{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}}{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}+\frac{4b^2}{ca}+4}+\frac{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}+\frac{4c^2}{ab}+4}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{a^4+a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{b^4}{b^4+b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{c^4}{c^4+c^2ab+a^2b^2}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^2bc+b^2ac+c^2ab+(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}\)
(Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy_Schwarz)
Theo BĐT Cauchy dễ thấy:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq a^2bc+b^2ca+c^2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=2$
Bài 2:
Đặt \((x,y,z)=\left(\frac{a}{b};\frac{b}{c}; \frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{b}-1\right)\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{c}-1\right)\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)}{abc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\((a+c-b)(b+a-c)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+b+a-c}{2}\right)^2=a^2\)
\((b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{b+a-c+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=b^2\)
\((a+c-b)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=c^2\)
Nhân theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow [(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)]^2\leq (abc)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq abc\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq 1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=1$
Bài 1:
Theo BĐT AM-GM có :$(x+y+1)(x^2+y^2)+\dfrac{4}{x+y}\geq (x+y+1).2xy+\dfrac{4}{x+y}=2(x+y+1)+\dfrac{4}{x+y}=(x+y)+(x+y)+\dfrac{4}{x+y}+2\geq 2\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{(x+y).\dfrac{4}{x+y}}+2=2+4+2=8$(đpcm)
Dấu \(=\) xảy ra khi \(x=y, xy=1\) và \(x+y=2\) hay \(x=y=1\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
\(x^2+y^2\geq 2xy=2\Rightarrow (x+y+1)(x^2+y^2)+\frac{4}{x+y}\geq 2(x+y+1)+\frac{4}{x+y}(1)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(2(x+y+1)+\frac{4}{x+y}=(x+y+2)+[(x+y)+\frac{4}{x+y}]\)
\(\geq (2\sqrt{xy}+2)+2\sqrt{(x+y).\frac{4}{x+y}}=(2+2)+4=8(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow (x+y+1)(x^2+y^2)+\frac{4}{x+y}\geq 8\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=1$
\(VT=\left(1-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{y+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(\le3-\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}=3-\frac{9}{1+3}=\frac{3}{4}^{\left(đpcm\right)}\) (Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=1\\\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{1}{y+1}=\frac{1}{z+1}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=1\\x+1=y+1=z+1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=1\\x=y=z\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
đề sai khỏi làm
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