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a ) \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^{2^{ }}+2xy+2yz+2zx\)
Biến đổi vế trái ta được :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=x^2+xy+xz+xy+y^2+yz+zx+zy+z^2\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^{2^{ }}+2xy+2yz+2zx\)
Vậy \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^{2^{ }}+2xy+2yz+2zx\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương:
\(x^2+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\left(xy\right)^2}=2xy\)
\(y^2+z^2\ge2\sqrt{\left(yz\right)^2}=2yz\)
\(x^2+z^2\ge2\sqrt{\left(xz\right)^2}=2xz\)
Cộng từ vế của các BĐT trên:
\(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y\\y=z\\x=y\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\))
b) \(2x^2+2y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz+10x+6y+34=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\right)+\left(x^2+10x+25\right)\)
\(+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x+5\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2=0\)(1)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+5\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)nên (1) xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=0\\x+5=0\\y+3=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}z=8\\x=-5\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
a) Ta có: \(VP=x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy+2yz-2zx\)
\(=\left(x^2-xy-xz\right)+\left(y^2-xy+yz\right)+\left(z^2-yz-zx\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-y-z\right)+y\left(y-x+z\right)+z\left(z-y-x\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-y-z\right)-y\left(x-y-z\right)-z\left(x-y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)^2=VT\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(VP=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-2yz-2zx\)
\(=\left(x^2+xy-zx\right)+\left(y^2+xy-2yz\right)+\left(z^2-yz-zx\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+y-z\right)+y\left(x+y-z\right)+z\left(z-y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y\right)-z\left(x+y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-z\right)^2=VT\)(đpcm)
c) Ta có: \(VP=x^4-y^4\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+xy^2+x^2y+y^3\right)=VT\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(VT=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)\)
\(=x^5-x^4y+x^3y^2-x^2y^3+xy^4+x^4y-x^3y^2+x^2y^3-xy^4+y^5\)
\(=x^5+y^5=VP\)(đpcm)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4=0\)
=>(x-1)^2+(y+2)^2=0
=>x=1 và y=-2
b: \(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2-16x+32+16y+32=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y-4\right)^2+2\left(x+4\right)^2=0\)
=>y=4; x=-4
a) \(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+2y^2+4xy-20x-8y+26=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+4x\left(y-5\right)+\left(y-5\right)^2-\left(y-5\right)^2+2y^2-8y+26=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y-5\right)^2+y^2+2y+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y-5\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y-5=0\\y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( TM )
b) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+\left(z^2-2z+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\left(z-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+3=0\\z-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-3\\z=1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( TM )
c) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(z^2-4z+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=0\\x+1=0\\z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\) ( TM )