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Lời giải:
$\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}$
$\Rightarrow (\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y})+(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z})=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z(x+y+z)})=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y).\frac{z(x+y+z)+xy}{xyz(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y).\frac{(z+x)(z+y)}{xyz(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)(y+z)(x+z)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=-y$ hoặc $y=-z$ hoặc $z=-x$
Nếu $x=-y$ thì:
$P=\frac{3}{4}+[(-y)^8-y^8](y^9+z^9)(z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}+0.(y^9+z^9)(z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}$
Nếu $y=-z$ thì:
$P=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8)[(-z)^9+z^9](z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8).0.(z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}$
Nếu $z=-x$ thì:
$P=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8)(y^9+z^9)[(-x)^{10}-x^{10}]=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8)(y^9+z^9).0=\frac{3}{4}$
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\text{ hoặc }y=-z\text{ hoặc }z=-x\)
\(+\text{Nếu }x=-y\text{ thì }x^8=\left(-y\right)^8=y^8\Rightarrow x^8-y^8=0\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(+\text{Nếu }y=-z\text{ thì }y^9=\left(-z\right)^9=-z^9\Rightarrow y^9+z^9=0\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(+\text{Nếu }z=-x\text{ thì }z^{10}=\left(-x\right)^{10}=x^{10}\Rightarrow z^{10}-x^{10}=0\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\text{Vậy M}=\frac{3}{4}.\)
Tham khảo:
Cho 3 số thức x,y,z thỏa mãn \(x\ge1;y\ge4;z\ge9\) tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biết thức Q=\(\dfrac{yz\sqrt{x-1}+zx\sqrt... - Hoc24
Ta có P \(\le\dfrac{1^2+\left(\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{2^2+\left(\sqrt{y-4}\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{3^2+\left(\sqrt{z-9}\right)^2}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1+x-1+4+y-4+9+z-9}{2}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}=\dfrac{28}{2}=14\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1=\sqrt{x-1}\\2=\sqrt{y-4}\\3=\sqrt{z-9}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=2;y=8;z=18\)(tm)
\(A=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\).Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz,ta có:
\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{y+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(\ge3-\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(1+1+1\right)}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1/3
Vậy A min = 3/4 khi x=y=z=1/3
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM:
\(yz\sqrt{x-1}=yz\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)1}\le yz\frac{\left(x-1\right)+1}{2}=\frac{xyz}{2}\);
\(zx\sqrt{y-4}=\frac{zx}{2}\sqrt{\left(y-4\right)4}\le\frac{zx}{2}\frac{\left(y-4\right)+4}{2}=\frac{xyz}{4}\);
\(xy\sqrt{z-9}=\frac{xy}{3}\sqrt{\left(z-9\right)9}\le\frac{xy}{3}\frac{\left(z-9\right)+9}{2}=\frac{xyz}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{yz\sqrt{x-1}+zx\sqrt{y-4}+xy\sqrt{z-9}}{xyz}\le\frac{\frac{xyz}{2}+\frac{xyz}{4}+\frac{xyz}{6}}{xyz}\)\(=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{11}{12}\)
Vậy \(P_{max}=\frac{11}{12}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2;y=8;z=18\)