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\(1=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}\right)\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}.\frac{x}{y}}=VP\) (rút gọn lại thôi:v)
BĐT <=> \(\sqrt{\frac{x+yz}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+xz}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{z+xy}{xyz}}\ge1+\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{xz}}\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)
Khi đó \(a+b+c=1\)
BĐT <=>\(\sqrt{a+bc}+\sqrt{b+ac}+\sqrt{c+ab}\ge1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{a+bc}=\sqrt{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2}=a+\sqrt{bc}\)
Khi đó \(VT\ge a+b+c+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=VP\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=3
BĐT cho tương đương với
\(\sqrt{a+bc}+\sqrt{b+ca}+\sqrt{c+ab}\ge1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\)
Với \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z};a+b+c=1\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{a+bc}=\sqrt{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}\)
\(=\sqrt{a^2+a\left(b+c\right)+bc}\ge\sqrt{a^2+2a\sqrt{bc}+bc}=a+\sqrt{bc}\)
Tương tự
\(\sqrt{b+ca}\ge b+\sqrt{ca};\sqrt{c+ab}\ge c+\sqrt{ab}\)
Từ đó ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=3
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+y=x+y-2z+2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2z=2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
Theo giả thiết, ta có:
theo giả thiết, ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-z}{zx}=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow x-z=\frac{zx}{y}\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(y-z=\frac{zy}{x}\)
Do đó: \(2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=2\sqrt{\frac{zx}{y}.\frac{zy}{x}}=2z\) (1)
ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2z=2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)(2)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta thấy (2) luôn đúng
Suy ra ĐPCM
Đặt \(\left(a,b,c\right)=\left(\sqrt{x},\sqrt{y},\sqrt{z}\right)\).
Xét 4 số m, n, p, q. Ta sẽ chứng minh \(\left(m+n+p+q\right)^2\le4\left(m^2+n^2+p^2+q^2\right)\) (*)
Thật vậy:
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow2\left(mn+np+pq+qm+mp+nq\right)\le3\left(m^2+n^2+p^2+q^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m-n\right)^2+\left(n-p\right)^2+\left(p-q\right)^2+\left(q-m\right)^2+\left(m-p\right)^2+\left(n-q\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng).
Từ đó: \(\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2\le4\left(x+y+z+z\right)=4\left(x+y+2z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}\le2\sqrt{x+y+2z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{xy}{x+y+2z}}=\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x+y+2z}}\le\frac{2\sqrt{x}\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}}=\frac{2ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{2}ab\frac{4}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}ab\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)\)
Tương tự, ta có:
\(\sum\sqrt{\frac{xy}{x+y+2z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\sum\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\sum\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{bc}{c+a}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\sum a=\frac{1}{2}\)
TA CÓ:
\(B=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x\left(y+2z\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y\left(z+2x\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z\left(x+2y\right)}}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{x+y+2z}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{y+z+2x}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{z+x+2y}{2}}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{18}{3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}}\)
DẤU BẰNG XẢY RA:\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\frac{B}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x\left(y+2z\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3y\left(z+2x\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3z\left(x+2y\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{\frac{3x+y+2z}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{3y+z+2x}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{3z+x+2y}{2}}\ge\frac{2\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{6\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{18}{6\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\frac{18\sqrt{3}}{6\sqrt{3}}=3\)
Dấu "=" khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)