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1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)
Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)
2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)
Dấu"=" khi a = 4b
nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)
nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)
khi đó a + b = 1
mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(y=\dfrac{x-1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x-1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{x-1}}+\dfrac{1}{2}=2\cdot1+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=2\Leftrightarrow x=3\left(x>1\right)\)
Lời giải:
$x>1\Rightarrow x-1>0$
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
$y=\frac{x-1}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}+\frac{1}{2}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{x-1}{2}.\frac{2}{x-1}}+\frac{1}{2}=2+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}$
Vậy $y_{\min}=\frac{5}{2}$
Giá trị này đạt tại $x-1=2\Leftrightarrow x=3$
\(\left(x^2+\dfrac{8}{27x}+\dfrac{8}{27x}\right)+\left(y^2+\dfrac{8}{27y}+\dfrac{8}{27y}\right)+\dfrac{11}{27}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{8^2}{27^2}}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{8^2}{27^2}}+\dfrac{11}{27}.\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{11}{9}=\dfrac{35}{9}\)
\(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
Đặt vế trái là P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) hay \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Em làm đại ạ ; có sai sót mong anh chị bỏ qua ạ !!
\(S=x+y+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\\ =\left(x+\dfrac{4}{9x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{4}{9y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\\ \ge2.\sqrt{x.\dfrac{4}{9x}}+2.\sqrt{y.\dfrac{4}{9y}}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x+y}\\ =\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{4}{x+y}\\ =\dfrac{8}{3}+\dfrac{20}{9\left(x+y\right)}\\ x+y\le\dfrac{4}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x+y\right)\le12\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{20}{9\left(x+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{20}{12}=\dfrac{5}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow S\ge\dfrac{8}{3}+\dfrac{5}{3}=\dfrac{13}{3}\)
/Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=2/3
cảm ơn nhé