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Từ \(\left(x+\sqrt{1+y^2}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{1+x^2}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+1}\right)=1\)
(Cách chứng minh tại đây):
Cho (x+\(\sqrt{y^2+1}\))(y+\(\sqrt{x^2+1}\))=1Tìm GTNN của P=2(x2+y2)+x+y - Hoc24
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0\)
Do đó \(P=100\)
ĐKXĐ : \(x>\frac{1}{2};y>\frac{1}{2};z>\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng ( a+b)2 \(\ge4ab\)ta có :
( x+ 2y)2 = \(\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}\right)^2\ge4.\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}\right).\frac{3y}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge3y\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\frac{2z+x}{z.\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
=> \(A\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)1}\le\frac{2x-1+1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}\le x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\)
\(\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}\)
\(\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\)
Do đó
A \(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\)
Vậy Max A = 3 khi x = y = z = 1
Theo Cô-si ta có:
\(3=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\ge\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\le3\)
Xét:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}-\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\left[\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{xy\left(x+2y\right)}+\frac{\left(y-z\right)^2}{yz\left(y+2z\right)}+\frac{\left(z-x\right)^2}{zx\left(z+2x\right)}\right]\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le3\)
\(\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\ge3xyz\left(x+y+z\right)=9\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\ge3\)
\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)-xy\ge\left(x+y\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
Tương tự và nhân vế với vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{27}{64}\left[\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\right]^2\)
Mặt khác ta có:
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-xyz\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-\sqrt[3]{xyz}.\sqrt[3]{xy.yz.zx}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-\dfrac{1}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}.\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{27}{64}.\dfrac{64}{81}.3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^3\ge3^3=27\) (đpcm)
\(ĐKXĐ:x,y,z\ge1\left(x,y,z\inℤ\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+2y\right)^2=\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}\right)^2\ge4.\frac{2x+y}{2}.\frac{3y}{2}=3y\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\);\(\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{3}.3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)(*)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right).1}\le\frac{2x-1+1}{2}=x\)(BĐT Cô - si)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}\);\(\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}=3\)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra \(A=\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}+\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2z\right)}+\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Từ đẳng thức đã cho suy ra \(x>\frac{1}{2};y>\frac{1}{2};z>\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)ta có \(\left(x+2y\right)^2=\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}\right)^2\ge4\cdot\frac{2x+y}{2}\cdot\frac{3y}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge3y\left(2x+y\right)\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y)
=> \(\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2z\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\\\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\end{cases}}\)
=> \(A\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z)
Ta có \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)\cdot1}\le\frac{\left(2x-1\right)+1}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}\le x\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}\\\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\end{cases}}\)
Do đó \(A\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}=3\)(dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1)
Vậy MaxA=3 đạt được khi x=y=z=1
Sau khi thay thế y = 1 - x. Ta được:
\(P=3x^2-3x+1=\frac{3}{4}\left(2x-1\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)