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\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+2\right)-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-1\right)\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-2\right)\ge0\) (Luôn đúng vì \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\forall x;y>0\))
theo bất đẳng thức côsi thì
\(x+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{x\times\frac{1}{x}}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2\ge2^2=4\)(1)
tương tự \(\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge4\)(2)
Từ (1),(2)\(\Rightarrow\)đpcm
dùng bđt phụ \(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\) với bđt Cô-si nhé
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
\(x+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2\ge4\)
CMTT \(\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge4\left(dpcm\right)\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
dùng hằng đẳng thúc cho mẫu rút gọn ta được
\(\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}-\frac{1}{Y^2+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)=\(\frac{y^2+y+1-x^2-x-1}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)+\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+x^2y+x^2+xy^2+xy+x+y^2+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+1+x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{2xy+x^2+y^2+x^2y^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC và BĐT Cosi:
\(17\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge17\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{2.\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
\(=17\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{18}{x+y+z}\)
\(=17\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{17}{x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{17\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{17}{x+y+z}}+\frac{1}{1}\)
\(=35\)
\(\Rightarrow17\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge35\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM kết hợp giả thiết x + y + z ≤ 1 ta có :
\(17\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=17x+17y+17z+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\)
\(=\left(18x+\frac{2}{x}\right)+\left(18y+\frac{2}{y}\right)+\left(18z+\frac{2}{z}\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{18x\cdot\frac{2}{x}}+2\sqrt{18y\cdot\frac{2}{y}}+2\sqrt{18z\cdot\frac{2}{z}}-1=12\cdot3-1=35\)( đpcm )
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1/3
<=> \(\frac{m^2y+n^2x}{xy}>=\left(\frac{m^2+2mn+n^2}{x+y}\right)\)
<=> \(\left(m^2y+n^2x\right).\left(x+y\right)>=\left(m^2+2mn+n^2\right).xy\)(vì x,y,m^2,n^2 >= 0)
<=> m2xy + n2xy + m2y2 + n2x2 >= m2xy + n2xy + 2mnxy
<=> n2x2 + m2y2 >= 2mnxy (luôn đúng) (bất đẳng thức cosi).
Vậy ....
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=a\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2=a^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}=a^2-2\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}+4=a^2-2+4=a^2+2\)
\(3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)=3a\)
Ta có \(a^2+2-3a=a^2-2.a.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(a-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
lạ có \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}-2=\dfrac{x^2}{xy}-\dfrac{2xy}{xy}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{xy}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge2\)\(\Rightarrow a\ge2\Rightarrow a-\dfrac{3}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2-3a\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+2\ge3a\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}+4\ge3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y>0\\\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}+4\ge3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\begin{matrix}\left(1\right)\\\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\)
từ (2) có \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+2.\dfrac{x}{y}.\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\right)+2-3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2-3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\right]-\left[\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)-2\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}-2\right)\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}-1\right)\ge0\) (3)
từ (1) có \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\right)^2+2\ge2\) (4)
từ (4) ; \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}-1\right)>0\\\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}-2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) (I)
từ (I) => (3) đúng mọi phép biến đổi là <=> đẳng thức khi \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{y}{x}\Rightarrow x=y\)=> dpcm