Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\sqrt{x^2+1}=a>0\\y+\sqrt{y^2+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+1}=a-x\\\sqrt{y^2+1}=b-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2ax=a^2-1\\2by=b^2-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a}\\y=\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a}+\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b}\right)+1}\right)\left(\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b}+\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a}\right)+1}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a}+\dfrac{b^2+1}{2b}\right)\left(\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b}+\dfrac{a^2+1}{2a}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}+\dfrac{a-b}{2ab}\right)\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}-\dfrac{a-b}{2ab}\right)=\dfrac{4ab}{4ab}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4ab}-\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4ab}-\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4\left(ab\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4ab}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4ab}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1-\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4ab}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\dfrac{1}{ab}=0\Rightarrow ab=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+1}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0\Rightarrow y=-x\)
\(P=2\left(x^2+\left(-x\right)^2\right)+0=4x^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=0\)
\(1=x+y+3xy\le x+y+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x+y\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)-4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x+y+2\right)\left(x+y-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đồng thời: \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2=\dfrac{2}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le-\dfrac{2}{9}\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(A=\sqrt{1-x^2}+\sqrt{1-y^2}+\dfrac{1-\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}=\sqrt{1-x^2}+\sqrt{1-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}-1\)
\(A\le\sqrt{2\left[2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\right]}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}-1\le\sqrt{2\left(2-\dfrac{2}{9}\right)}+\dfrac{3}{2}-1=\dfrac{3+8\sqrt{2}}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\Rightarrow x+1\ge0\\\sqrt{x^2+1}>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow y\ge0\)
\(y_{min}=0\) khi \(x=-1\)
Lại có: \(y^2=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^2+1}=\dfrac{x^2+2x+1}{x^2+1}=\dfrac{2\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2+2x-1}{x^2+1}=2-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+1}\le2\)
\(\Rightarrow y\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(y_{max}=\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=1\)
Các biểu thức ở trong căn đều đưa được về bình phương
\(\sqrt{4x+2\sqrt{x}+1}=\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}=\left|2\sqrt{x}+1\right|=2\sqrt{x}+1\)
Tương tự với hai căn còn lại ta sẽ có biểu thức đề cho tương đương với
\(2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+3\)
Đầu tiên ta chứng minh được: \(\sum\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{\left(\sum\sqrt{x}\right)^2}\le\sqrt{3\left(x+y+z\right)}\le3\)
Ta lại có: \(\sqrt{1+x^2}+\sqrt{2x}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{1+x^2}+\sqrt{2x}\right)^2}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+x^2+2x\right)}=\sqrt{2}\left(x+1\right)\)
Tương tự, ta sẽ có: \(P\le\sqrt{2}\left(x+1+y+1+z+1\right)+\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\le\sqrt{2}.6+\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)3=6+\sqrt{2}.3\)
Từ giả thiết ta có:
\(x+y=3\left(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y+2}\right)\le3\sqrt{2\left(x+y+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le3\sqrt{2\left(P+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P\ge0\\18P+54\ge P^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P\ge0\\P^2-18P-54\le0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0\le P\le9+3\sqrt{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow maxP=9+3\sqrt{15}\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{10+3\sqrt{15}}{2};\dfrac{8+3\sqrt{15}}{2}\right)\)
\(A=x\sqrt{y+1}+y\sqrt{x+1}\le\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y+2\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{x+y+2}\le\sqrt{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+2}=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)