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a: \(\overrightarrow{BK}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AK}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BA}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{KA}=-\overrightarrow{AK}=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{AN}\right)=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}-\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{KD}=\overrightarrow{AD}-\overrightarrow{AK}=\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{KA}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)-\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}-\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
Do G là trọng tâm tam giác
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AD}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CB}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
Do I là trung điểm AG
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AK}=\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{AB}=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
\(\overrightarrow{CI}=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AI}=\overrightarrow{CA}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{CB}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
\(\overrightarrow{CK}=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AK}=\overrightarrow{CA}-\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{CB}=\dfrac{4}{5}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}=2\overrightarrow{AD}\)(D là trung điểm của BC) (1)
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{AN}=2\overrightarrow{AK}\)(K là trung điểm của MN) (2)
Lấy (1) trừ (2) có: \(\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)-\left(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{AN}\right)=2\left(\overrightarrow{AD}-\overrightarrow{AK}\right)\)
⇔\(\dfrac{\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)-\left(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{AN}\right)}{2}\)=\(\overrightarrow{KD}\)
⇔\(\dfrac{\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)}{2}\)=\(\overrightarrow{KD}\)
⇔\(\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}}{2}\)=\(\overrightarrow{KD}\)
⇔\(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}}{2}\)=\(\overrightarrow{KD}\)
⇔\(\dfrac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)=\(\overrightarrow{KD}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}}{2}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}}{2}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BN}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{3}{5}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
Xét ΔBAD có BI là đường trung tuyến
nên \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{5}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\left(5\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(5\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{5}{6}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{BM}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot\overrightarrow{BM}\)
=>B,I,M thẳng hàng