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Xét ΔBAD có BI là đường trung tuyến
nên \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{5}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\left(5\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(5\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{5}{6}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{BM}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot\overrightarrow{BM}\)
=>B,I,M thẳng hàng
Cách 1: Dùng định lý Menelaus đảo:
Từ đề bài, ta có \(\dfrac{BD}{BC}=\dfrac{2}{3}\), \(\dfrac{MC}{MA}=\dfrac{3}{2}\), \(\dfrac{IA}{ID}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{BD}{BC}.\dfrac{MC}{MA}.\dfrac{IA}{ID}=1\)
Theo định lý Menelaus đảo, suy ra B, I, M thẳng hàng.
Cách 2: Dùng vector
Ta có \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(3\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
Lại có \(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{MC}{AC}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{MA}{AC}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(3\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}.\dfrac{1}{6}\left(3\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}\overrightarrow{BI}\)
Vậy \(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{6}{5}\overrightarrow{BI}\), suy ra B, I, M thẳng hàng.
\(a,\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{DA}+\overrightarrow{CD}=\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}=\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow{AD}\)
\(b,\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{AB}}{2}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}}{2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}}{2}=\overrightarrow{\dfrac{AB}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{\dfrac{AB}{2}}+\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BC}}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{\overrightarrow{BC}}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{BC}+\dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}\left(1\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{BN}-\overrightarrow{BA}=k.\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{AB}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)A,M,N\) \(thẳng\) \(hàng\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{k}{\dfrac{1}{4}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3}{4}}\Leftrightarrow k=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}}{2}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}}{2}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BN}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{3}{5}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BM}=\overrightarrow{BC}-2\overrightarrow{AB}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{BC}-2\overrightarrow{AB}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{BC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{BC}-\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=2\overrightarrow{BC}-\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{CN}=x\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{BC}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AN}=x\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AN}=\left(x+1\right)\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{BC}=-\frac{1}{2}\left(2\overrightarrow{BC}-2\left(x+1\right)\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
Để A; M; N thẳng hàng \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=k.\overrightarrow{AN}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+1\right)=1\Rightarrow x+1=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)