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a. \(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
- Mol theo PTHH : \(1:2:1:1\)
- Mol theo phản ứng : \(0,5\rightarrow1\rightarrow0,5\rightarrow0,5\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b. Từ a. \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=1.\left(1+35,5\right)=36,5\left(g\right)\)
c. \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
- Mol theo PTHH : \(2:1:2\)
- Mol theo phản ứng : \(0,6\leftarrow0,3\rightarrow0,6\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=n_{H_2O}.M_{H_2O}=0,6.\left(2+16\right)=10,8\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b,\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100\%}{200}=7,3\%\)
c, mdd sau pứ = 4,8+200-0,2.2 = 204,4 (g)
\(C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95.100\%}{204,4}=9,3\%\)
a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,15<--0,3----->0,15-->0,15
=> VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
b) mMg = 0,15.24 = 3,6 (g)
c)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,05<---0,15------>0,1
=> mFe = 0,1.56 = 5,6 (g)
=> mFe2O3 = 0,05.160 =8(g)
nHCl = 10,95 : 36,5 = 0,3 (mol)
=> pthh : Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15<-----0,3 --------------->0,15 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 ( l)
=> mMg = 0,15 . 24 =3,6 (g)
pthh : Fe2O3 + 3H2 -t--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,05<-------0,15------> 0,1 ( mol )
=> mFe2O3 = 0,05 . 160 = 8 (g)
=>mFe = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6 ( g)
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
nFe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 mol
=>nH2 = 0,1 mol
=> VH2= 0,1*22,4= 2,24 lít
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,1-->0,2------------------>0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{15\%}=\dfrac{146}{3}\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ===> ZnCl2 + H2
a) nZn = 6,5 / 65 = 0,1 (mol)
=> nZnCl2 = nZn = 0,1 (mol)
=> mZnCl2 = 0,1 x 136 = 13,6 (gam)
b) nH2 = nZn = 0,1 (mol)
=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1 x 22,4 = 2,24 lít
a) nZn = \(\frac{m_{Zn}}{M_{Zn}}=\frac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn +2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(n_{ZnCl_2}\)= nZn=0,1 (mol)
=> \(m_{ZnCl_2}\)= \(n_{ZnCl_2}.M_{ZnCl_2}\)\(=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}\)\(=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}\)\(=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{10}.100=73g\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
n(mol) 0,25-->0,25------->0,25------>0,25
\(V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,25\cdot22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ m_{ZnSO_4}=n\cdot M=0,25\cdot\left(65+32+16\cdot4\right)=40,25\left(g\right)\)
`Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl_2 + H_2`
`0,15` `0,3` `0,15` `(mol)`
`n_[Mg]=[3,6]/24=0,15(mol)`
`a)V_[H_2]=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)`
`b)m_[HCl]=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)`
`c)`
`H_2 + CuO` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `Cu + H_2 O`
`0,15` `0,15` `(mol)`
`=>m_[Cu]=0,15.64=9,6(g)`
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15->0,3------------------>0,15
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,15------>0,15
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg\left(0,1\right)+2HCl\left(0,2\right)\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\left(0,1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}\left(đktc\right)=2,24\left(l\right)\)