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PT: \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(MgSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
Giả sử dd chứa a (l)
Ta có: nCuSO4 = 0,2a (mol), nMgSO4 = 0,1a (mol), nFeSO4 = 0,2a (mol)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2a\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgSO_4}=0,1a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeSO_4}=0,1a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 0,2a.80 + 0,1a.40 + 0,1a.160 = 18
⇒ a = 0,5 (l)
⇒ V = 500 (ml)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=0.2\cdot0.4=0.08\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(0.08...........0.24..............0.08\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(0.08...........0.04\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.04\cdot160=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0.24}{0.5}=0.48\left(l\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\) (1)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\) (2)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=0,2.0,4=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố Fe : \(n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04.160=6,4\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT (1) : \(n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,08.3=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,5}=0,48\left(l\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow^{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\uparrow\\ b,n_{FeCl_3}=1,5\cdot0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
Theo đề: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}X:Fe\left(OH\right)_3\\A:NaCl\\Y:Fe_2O_3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,45+0,2}\approx1,4M\)
\(c,\) Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_X=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3\cdot107=32,1\left(g\right)\\m_Y=m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\cdot160=24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{3,2}{160}=0,02mol\)
CuSO4+2NaOH\(\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)
Cu(OH)2\(\overset{t^0}{\rightarrow}\)CuO+H2O
\(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,02mol\)
x=\(m_{CuO}=0,02.80=1,6gam\)
nCuSO4=32/160=0,2(mol)
PTHH:CuSO4 + 2NaOH-> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
0,2......->0,2........->0,1 (mol)
a) Cu(OH)2-> CuO + H2O
0,1 ........-> 0,1 (mol)\
mCuO=0,1.80=8(g)
b) VNaOH=0,2/0,2=1(l)
c) VddNaOH(bđ)= 1+ 1.10%=1,1(l)
đe là j