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bài 2 : ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge0\) và \(x\ne1\)
Rút gọn :\(B=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{5\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}\)
\(B=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{5\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1-x+2\sqrt{x}-1-5\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{-\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
a) \(Q=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{1-\sqrt{x}}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{1+\sqrt{x}}\right)+\frac{3-\sqrt{x}}{x-1}\left(x\ge0;x\ne1\right)\)
\(=-\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\frac{3-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+3-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-x-\sqrt{x}+x-\sqrt{x}+3-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{-3\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
b) Để \(Q=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\Leftrightarrow x=4\left(tm\right)\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{x-2}{x-3\sqrt{x}+2}\)
ĐK : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne1\\x\ne4\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{x-2}{x-\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{x-2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\frac{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}+\frac{x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x-4\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\frac{2x-5\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}+\frac{x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x-4\sqrt{x}+3-2x+5\sqrt{x}-2+x-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
b) Để P < 1
=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 1\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-1< 0\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)
<=> \(\frac{1-\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)
<=> \(\frac{3-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)
Xét hai trường hợp :
1. \(\hept{\begin{cases}3-\sqrt{x}>0\\\sqrt{x}-2< 0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-\sqrt{x}>-3\\\sqrt{x}< 2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}< 3\\\sqrt{x}< 2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x< 9\\x< 4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x< 4\)
2. \(\hept{\begin{cases}3-\sqrt{x}< 0\\\sqrt{x}-2>0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-\sqrt{x}< -3\\\sqrt{x}>2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}>3\\\sqrt{x}>2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>9\\x>4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x>9\)
Kết hợp với ĐK => Với \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x\in\left\{0;2;3\right\}\\x>9\end{cases}}\)thì thỏa mãn đề bài
a) ĐK: \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)
Trước tiên chúng ta tính:
\(1-x\sqrt{x}=1-\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3=\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{x}+x\right)\)
\(1+x\sqrt{x}=1+\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3=\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}+x\right)\)
khi đó:
P = \(\left(1+\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}+x-\sqrt{x}\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2.\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\)
b) \(P< 7-4\sqrt{3}=4-2.2.\sqrt{3}+3=\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
=> \(\left(x-1\right)^2< \left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\sqrt{3}-2< x-1< 2-\sqrt{3}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{3}-1< x< 3-\sqrt{3}\)
Đối chiếu điều kiện: \(\sqrt{3}-1< x< 3-\sqrt{3}\) và x khác 1.