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a) Để B có nghĩa thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\ge0\\y\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
B=\(\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}+1}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{y}-1}+3\right).\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+1}{\sqrt{y}+2}=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{y}-1}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}+\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}\right].\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+1}{\sqrt{y}+2}=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{y}-1}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}-\dfrac{3y+3\sqrt{y}}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}+\dfrac{3y-3}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}\right].\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+1}{\sqrt{y}+2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}-1-3y-3\sqrt{y}+3y-3}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+1}{\sqrt{y}+2}=\dfrac{\left(-2\sqrt{y}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+2\right)}=\dfrac{-2\left(\sqrt{y}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+2\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{y}-1}=\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{y}}\)
b) Ta có y=\(3+2\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}}=\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}}=\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{1-\sqrt{2}-1}=\dfrac{2}{-\sqrt{2}}=-\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy khi x=\(3+2\sqrt{2}\) thì \(P=-\sqrt{2}\)
Ta thấy:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1-y}{y}}\times\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{1-y}}=1\left(const\right)\)
=> Ta có thể đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1-y}{y}}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{1-y}}=\dfrac{1}{t}\)
~ ~ ~
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1-y}{y}}=t\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1-y}{y}=t^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-y=yt^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow yt^2+y=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(t^2+1\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{t^2+1}\)
~ ~ ~
\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(t-\dfrac{1}{t}\right)=\dfrac{t^2-1}{2t}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+1=\dfrac{\left(t^2-1\right)^2}{4t^2}+1=\dfrac{\left(t^2-1\right)^2+4t^2}{4t^2}=\dfrac{\left(t^2+1\right)^2}{4t^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=\left|\dfrac{t^2+1}{2t}\right|=\dfrac{t^2+1}{2t}\left(t\ge0\right)\)
~ ~ ~
\(B=\dfrac{2y\sqrt{1+x^2}}{\sqrt{1+x^2}-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\times\dfrac{1}{t^2+1}\times\dfrac{t^2+1}{2t}}{\dfrac{t^2+1}{2t}-\dfrac{t^2-1}{2t}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{t}}{\dfrac{2}{2t}}=1\)
Bài 1:
a. ta có \(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2\)
= \(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-x+2\sqrt{xy}-y\)
= \(x-\sqrt{xy}+y-x+2\sqrt{xy}-y\)
=\(\sqrt{xy}\)
b.ĐK: x ≠ 1
Ta có: A= \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}}\)=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}}\)=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left|\sqrt{x}-1\right|}\)
*Nếu \(\sqrt{x}-1\ge0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\ge1\)
⇒ A = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
*Nếu \(\sqrt{x}-1< 0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}< 1\)
⇒ A=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{-\sqrt{x}+1}\)
c.Ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{X}+\sqrt{Y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{XY}\right)+\left(\sqrt{X}-\sqrt{Y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{XY}\right)}{1-XY}\cdot\dfrac{1-XY}{1-XY+\sqrt{X}+\sqrt{Y}+2\sqrt{XY}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{X}+X\sqrt{Y}+\sqrt{Y}+Y\sqrt{X}+\sqrt{X}-X\sqrt{Y}-\sqrt{Y}+Y\sqrt{X}}{1-XY}\cdot\dfrac{1-XY}{XY+X+Y+1}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{X}\left(1+Y\right)}{\left(1+Y\right)\left(X+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{X}}{X+1}\)
b: Thay \(x=\dfrac{2}{2+\sqrt{3}}=2\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)=4-2\sqrt{3}\) vào P, ta được:
\(P=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{4-2\sqrt{3}+1}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}-2}{5-2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{6\sqrt{3}+2}{13}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(b,\dfrac{4y+3\sqrt{y}-7}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4y+7\sqrt{y}-4\sqrt{y}-7}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{y}.\left(4\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(4\sqrt{y}+7\right)}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(4\sqrt{y}+7\right).\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{y}-1\)
\(c,\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}.\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}\)
\(d,\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}-4}{x-\sqrt{x}-12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-4}{x+3\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}.\left(x+3\right)-4\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}-3}{x-9}\)
\(e,\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{1+\sqrt{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{1+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{3}\)
a, \(\dfrac{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{35}-\sqrt{14}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{7}.\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}.\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{7}.\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{7}}\)
b, \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{15}-2\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}-3}{2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2.\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{3}-2.\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}}{2.\sqrt{5}-2.\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)-\sqrt{3}.\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{2\sqrt{5}.\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)-\sqrt{3}.\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right).\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right).\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{2}}\)
c, \(\dfrac{x+\sqrt{xy}}{y+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{y}.\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{y}.\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
d) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+a\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{b}-b\sqrt{a}}{ab-1}\) = \(-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)-\sqrt{b}\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)}{1-ab}\)
= \(-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)}{\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{ab}\right)}\) = \(-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{1-\sqrt{ab}}\) = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}}{1-\sqrt{ab}}\)
Lời giải:
a)ĐKXĐ: \(y>0; y\neq 1\)
Ta có:
\(P=\left(\frac{1}{y-\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\right): \frac{\sqrt{y}}{y-2\sqrt{y}+1}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{1}{y-\sqrt{y}}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{y-\sqrt{y}}\right).\frac{y-2\sqrt{y}+1}{\sqrt{y}}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{y}+1}{y-\sqrt{y}}.\frac{(\sqrt{y}-1)^2}{\sqrt{y}}\)
\(P=\frac{(\sqrt{y}+1)(\sqrt{y}-1)(\sqrt{y}-1)}{\sqrt{y}(\sqrt{y}-1).\sqrt{y}}=\frac{(\sqrt{y}-1)(\sqrt{y}+1)}{\sqrt{y}.\sqrt{y}}=\frac{y-1}{y}\)
b)
\(P>2\Leftrightarrow \frac{y-1}{y}>2\)\(\Leftrightarrow y-1>2y\) ( \(y>0\) nên nhân 2 vế với $y$ thì dấu không đổi chiều )
\(\Leftrightarrow y< -1\)
Điều này hoàn toàn vô lý do \(y>0\)
Vậy không tồn tại giá trị của $y$ để $P>2$
a) Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}}{n-n-1}=-\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=...=-1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-...-\sqrt{48}+\sqrt{49}=-1+7=6\)