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\(P=\dfrac{x^2}{x^4+x^2+1}=\dfrac{x^2}{x^4+2x^2+1-x^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2-x^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
\(=a\cdot\dfrac{x}{x^2+x+1}\)
Có \(a=\dfrac{x}{x^2-x+1}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{x^2-x+1}{x}=x+\dfrac{1}{x}-1\)
Đặt \(B=\dfrac{x}{x^2+x+1}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{B}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x}=x+\dfrac{1}{x}+1=\dfrac{1}{a}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{B}=\dfrac{1-2a}{a}\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{a}{1-2a}\)
Do đó \(P=a\cdot\dfrac{a}{1-2a}=\dfrac{a^2}{1-2a}\)
Hic sao hay lỗi công thức thế :<
Do đó \(\dfrac{1}{B}=\dfrac{1-2a}{a}\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{a}{1-2a}\)
\(P=a\cdot\dfrac{a}{1-2a}=\dfrac{a^2}{1-2a}\)
Bài 1 :
a, \(A=\frac{2x^2-4x+8}{x^3+8}=\frac{2\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}=\frac{2}{x+2}\)
b, Ta có : \(\left|x\right|=2\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
TH1 : Thay x = 2 vào biểu thức trên ta được :
\(\frac{2}{2+2}=\frac{2}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)
TH2 : Thay x = -2 vào biểu thức trên ta được :
\(\frac{2}{-2+2}=\frac{2}{0}\)vô lí
c, ta có A = 2 hay \(\frac{2}{x+2}=2\)ĐK : \(x\ne-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+4=2\Leftrightarrow2x=-2\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy với x = -1 thì A = 2
d, Ta có A < 0 hay \(\frac{2}{x+2}< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2< 0\)do 2 > 0
\(\Leftrightarrow x< -2\)
Vậy với A < 0 thì x < -2
e, Để A nhận giá trị nguyên khi \(x+2\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
x + 2 | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 |
x | -1 | -3 | 0 | -4 |
2.
ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne\pm2\)
a. \(B=\frac{x^2-4x+4}{x^2-4}=\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{x-2}{x+2}\)
b. | x - 1 | = 2 <=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=2\\x-1=-2\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=-1\end{cases}}\)
Với x = 3 thì \(B=\frac{3-2}{3+2}=\frac{1}{5}\)
Với x = - 1 thì \(B=\frac{-1-2}{-1+2}=-3\)
Vậy với | x - 1 | = 2 thì B đạt được 2 giá trị là B = 1/5 hoặc B = - 3
c. \(B=\frac{x-2}{x+2}=-1\)<=>\(-\left(x-2\right)=x+2\)
<=> \(-x+2=x+2\)<=>\(-x=x\)<=>\(x=0\)
d. \(B=\frac{x-2}{x+2}< 1\)<=>\(x-2< x+2\)luôn đúng \(\forall\)x\(\ne\pm2\)
e. \(B=\frac{x-2}{x+2}=\frac{x+2-4}{x+2}=1-\frac{4}{x+2}\)
Để B nguyên thì 4/x+2 nguyên => x + 2\(\in\){ - 4 ; - 2 ; - 1 ; 1 ; 2 ; 4 }
=> x \(\in\){ - 6 ; - 4 ; - 3 ; - 1 ; 0 ; 2 }
a) Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{x-2}{x^2-1}-\dfrac{x+2}{x^2+2x+1}\cdot\dfrac{1-x^2}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x+2}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-4-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-4-\left(x^3+2x^2-2x^2-4x+x+2\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-4-\left(x^3-3x+2\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-4-x^3+3x-2}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x^3+5x-6}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(x^3-5x+6\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
Ta có :
x/x^2 + x + 1 = -2/3
<=> -2x^2 - 2x - 2 = 3x
<=> -2x^2 - 5x - 2 = 0
<=> -2(x^2 + 5/2x + 1) = 0
<=> x^2 + 5/2x + 1 = 0
<=> x^2 + 2x.5/4 + 25/16 - 9/16 = 0
<=> (x+5/4)^2 = 9/16
<=> x + 5/4 = 3/4 hoặc x + 5/4 = -3/4
<=> x = -1/2 hoặc x = -2
Sau đấy thay vào ( easy )
Ta có : \(a=\frac{x}{x^2-x+1}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}=\frac{x^2-x+1}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{x^4+x^2+1-2x^3+2x^2-2x}{x^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{x^4+x^2+1}{x^2}-\frac{2x\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{x^2}\)(1)
mà \(A=\frac{x^2}{x^4+x^2+1}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{A}=\frac{x^4+x^2+1}{x^2}\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{1}{A}-2.\frac{x^2-x+1}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{1}{A}-2.\frac{1}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{A}=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{2}{a}=\frac{2a+1}{a^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a^2}{2a+1}\)
a) đk x khác 0;2
P = \(\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-2\right)}.\left(\dfrac{x^2+4}{x}-4\right)+1\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-2\right)}.\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{x}+1\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-2\right)}.\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{x}+1\)
= \(\dfrac{x-2}{x^2}+1\)
= \(\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x^2}\)
b) Để \(\left|2+x\right|=1\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2+x=1< =>x=-1\left(tm\right)\\2+x=-1< =>x=-3\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: x = -1
Thay x = -1 vào P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{\left(-1\right)^2-1-2}{\left(-1\right)^2}=-2\)
TH2: x = -3
Thay x = -3 vào P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{\left(-3\right)^2-3-2}{\left(-3\right)^2}=\dfrac{4}{9}\)
c) P = \(1+\dfrac{x-2}{x^2}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{x^2}{x-2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2+4\left(x-2\right)+4}{x-2}\)
= \(\left(x-2\right)+\dfrac{4}{x-2}+4\)
Áp dụng bdt co-si, ta có:
\(\left(x-2\right)+\dfrac{4}{x-2}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\dfrac{4}{x-2}}=4\)
<=> \(\dfrac{x^2}{x-2}\ge4+4=8\)
<=> \(\dfrac{x-2}{x^2}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\)
<=> A \(\le\dfrac{9}{8}\)
Dấu "=" <=> x = 4