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\(\hept{\begin{cases}mx+y=m^2+m+1\\-x+my=m^2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m\left(my-m^2\right)+y-m^2-m-1=0\\x=my-m^2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(m^2y-m^2\right)+\left(y-1\right)-\left(m^3+m\right)=0\\x=my-m^2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(m^2+1\right)\left(y-m-1\right)=0\\x=my-m^2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}y=m+1\\x=m\left(m+1\right)-m^2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=m\\y=m+1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(x^2+y^2=2m^2+2m+1=2\left(m+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(m=\frac{-1}{2}\) hay hệ có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\frac{-1}{2};\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
Do a+b+c khác ) nên:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Do đó:
Q=\(\frac{a^2+3b^2+5c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{9a^2}{9a^2}=1\)
có giá trị ko đổi
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(P=\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}=\frac{(ab)^2+(bc)^2+(ca)^2}{abc}\)
Xét tử số:
\(\text{TS}=(ab)^2+(bc)^2+(ca)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{TS}^2=a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4+2(a^2b^4c^2+a^2b^2c^4+a^4b^2c^2)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^4b^4+b^4c^4\geq 2a^2b^4c^2\\ b^4c^4+c^4a^4\geq 2a^2b^2c^4\\ c^4a^4+a^4b^4\geq 2a^4b^2c^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\Rightarrow a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4\geq a^2b^4c^2+a^2b^2c^4+a^4b^2c^2\)
Do đó:
\(\text{TS}^2\geq 3(a^2b^4c^2+a^2b^2c^4+a^4b^2c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{TS}\geq \sqrt{3}abc\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \sqrt{3}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Cách khác:
\(P^2=\dfrac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{b^2c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{c^2a^2}{b^2}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\dfrac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{b^2c^2}{a^2}\ge2b^2\)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{b^2c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2c^2}{b^2}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\ge3\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow\)a=b=c=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c=4\\a^2+b^2+c^2=6\end{cases}}\)
\(b^2+c^2=6-a^2\Rightarrow\left(b+c\right)^2-2bc=6-a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2bc=\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2-6+a^2}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(4-a\right)^2-6+a^2}{2}\left(Do:a+b+c=4\right)\)
\(=\frac{2a^2-8a+10}{2}=a^2-4a+5\)
\(\Rightarrow P=a^3+bc\left(b+c\right)=a^3+\left(a^2-4a+5\right)\left(4-a\right)\left(Do:a+b+c=4\right)\)
\(=a^3+4a^2-16a+20-a^3+4a^2-5a\)
\(=8a^2-21a+20\)
\(=8\left(a^2-2.\frac{21}{16}a+\frac{441}{256}\right)+\frac{199}{32}\)
\(=8\left(a-\frac{21}{16}\right)^2+\frac{119}{32}\)
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