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gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\\c^2+a^2\ge2ca\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{2ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)^3}=\dfrac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\\\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{bc\left(b+c\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{2bc}{bc\left(b+c\right)^3}=\dfrac{2}{\left(b+c\right)^3}\\\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{ca\left(c+a\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{2ca}{ca\left(c+a\right)^3}=\dfrac{2}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\left[\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\right]\)
Chứng minh rằng \(2\left[\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\right]\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{9}{8}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2ab\le a^2+b^2\\2bc\le b^2+c^2\\2ca\le c^2+a^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab\le a^2-ab+b^2\\bc\le b^2-bc+c^2\\ca\le c^2-ca+a^2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab\left(a+b\right)\le\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)=a^3+b^3\\bc\left(b+c\right)\le\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)=b^3+c^3\\ca\left(c+a\right)\le\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)=c^3+a^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3ab\left(a+b\right)\le3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\\3bc\left(b+c\right)\le3\left(b^3+c^3\right)\\3ca\left(c+a\right)\le3\left(c^3+a^3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+b^3\le4\left(a^3+b^3\right)\\b^3+3bc\left(b+c\right)+c^3\le4\left(b^3+c^3\right)\\c^3+3ca\left(c+a\right)+a^3\le4\left(c^3+a^3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^3\le4\left(a^3+b^3\right)\\\left(b+c\right)^3\le4\left(b^3+c^3\right)\\\left(c+a\right)^3\le4\left(c^3+a^3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{1}{4\left(a^3+b^3\right)}\\\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{1}{4\left(b^3+c^3\right)}\\\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{1}{4\left(c^3+a^3\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3+a^3}\right)\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3+a^3}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{8}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3+a^3}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3+a^3}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{8}\) ( đpcm )
Vậy \(2\left[\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\right]\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Mà \(VT\ge2\left[\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)^3}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{bc\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{ca\left(c+a\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\) ( đpcm )
1/ Ta có: \(x^2-2x-1=\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2-2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(x^4-4x^3+4x^2-2\right)^5+\left(x^3-3x^2-x-1\right)^6\)
\(=\left[\left(x^4-2x^3-x^2\right)+\left(-2x^3+4x^2+2x\right)+\left(x^2-2x-1\right)-1\right]^5+\left[\left(x^3-2x^2-x\right)+\left(-x^2+2x+1\right)-2x-2\right]^6\)
\(=\left(-1\right)^5+\left(-2x-2\right)^6\)
Xong
5) Lợi dụng AM-GM :v
\(a^4+a^4+a^4+b^4\ge4a^3b\)
\(b^4+b^4+b^4+a^4\ge4b^3a\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^4+2b^4\ge a^4+a^4+ab^3+a^3b=\left(a^3+b^3\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{a+b}{2ab}+\dfrac{b+c}{2bc}+\dfrac{c+a}{2ac}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)c}{2abc}+\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)a}{2abc}+\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)b}{2abc}=\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2abc}=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)
Áp dụng BĐt cô-si, ta có \(\frac{2\left(a+b\right)^2}{2a+3b}\ge\frac{8ab}{2a+3b}=\frac{8}{\frac{2}{b}+\frac{3}{a}}\)
\(\frac{\left(b+2c\right)^2}{2b+c}\ge\frac{8bc}{2b+c}=\frac{8}{\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{b}}\)
\(\frac{\left(2c+a\right)^2}{c+2a}\ge\frac{8ac}{c+2a}\ge\frac{8}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{c}}\)
Cộng 3 cái vào, ta có
A\(\ge8\left(\frac{1}{\frac{2}{b}+\frac{3}{a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{c}}\right)\ge8\left(\frac{9}{\frac{3}{b}+\frac{4}{c}+\frac{4}{a}}\right)=8.\frac{9}{3}=24\)
Vậy A min = 24
Neetkun ^^
b)Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{bc}+\dfrac{b^3}{ac}+\dfrac{c^3}{ab}\ge a+b+c\left(1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^4}{abc}+\dfrac{b^4}{abc}+\dfrac{c^4}{abc}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4}{abc}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta xét BĐT phụ: \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(y^2+z^2\ge2yz\)
\(x^2+z^2\ge2xz\)
Cộng các BĐT phụ vừa chứng minh:
\(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)
Áp dụng vào bài, ta có:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
Áp dụng lần nữa:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge ab^2c+bc^2a+a^2bc=abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Vậy ta suy ra được điều phải chứng minh
a) Đặt vế trái BĐT là P
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}+\dfrac{1+b}{8}+\dfrac{1+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)8.8}}=\dfrac{3a}{4}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)}+\dfrac{1+a}{8}+\dfrac{1+c}{8}\ge\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}+\dfrac{1+a}{8}+\dfrac{1+b}{8}\ge\dfrac{3c}{4}\)
Cộng vế theo vế các BĐT vừa chứng minh
\(P+\dfrac{6+2a+2b+2c}{8}\ge\dfrac{3a+3b+3c}{4}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{3a+3b+3c}{4}-\dfrac{2\left(3+a+b+c\right)}{8}=\dfrac{3a+3b+3c-a-b-c-3}{4}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)-3}{4}\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{2.3-3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(A=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(b-c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\left(c-a\right)^2\\ =3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{8}\)
Áp dụng BDT: Cô-si dạng Engel:
\(\Rightarrow A=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{8}\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{\left(a-b+b-c+c-a\right)^2}{2+4+8}=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\text{Ta lại có: }ab+bc+ac\le a^2+b^2+c^2\\ \Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3^2=9\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\Rightarrow A\le9\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b=c\\a+b+c=3\\\dfrac{a-b}{2}+\dfrac{b-c}{4}+\dfrac{c-a}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\\c=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy \(A_{Max}=9\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
GTLN ?! Rìa lý :"<