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Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c};\sqrt{d};\sqrt{e}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z;t;v\right)\)
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2+v^2\ge x\left(y+z+t+v\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+4y^2+4z^2+4t^2+4v^2-4xy-4xz-4xt-4xv\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-4xz+4z^2\right)+\left(x^2-4xt+4t^2\right)+\left(x^2-4xv+4v^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x-2z\right)^2+\left(x-2t\right)^2+\left(x-2v\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại x=2y=2z=2t=2v
\(Bdt\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+bd\le\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)
- Nếu \(ac+bd< 0\). Bđt đúng
- Nếu \(ac+bd\ge0\).Thì (1) tương đương:
\(\left(ac+bd\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2c^2+b^2d^2+2abcd\le a^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2c^2+b^2d^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2d^2+b^2c^2-2abcd\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Vậy bài toán được chứng minh.
a, \(A=\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^2}-1=\left|1-x\right|-1=1-x-1\)(vì x<1)
<=> A=\(-x\)
b,B=\(\frac{3-\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\left(x\ge0,x\ne9\right)\)
=\(\frac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Vậy \(B=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
c, C=\(\frac{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}-3}\left(x\ge0,x\ne9\right)\)
=\(\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)=\(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-3\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)=\(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)=\(\sqrt{x}-2\)
Vậy C= \(\sqrt{x}-2\)
d, D=\(5-3x-\sqrt{25-10x+x^2}\left(x< 5\right)\)
= \(5-3x-\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)^2}\)=\(5-3x-\left|5-x\right|\)=\(5-3x-5+x\) (vì x<5)=-2x
Vậy D=-2x
e, E=\(\sqrt{3a}.\sqrt{27a}\) (đk \(a\ge0\))
=\(\sqrt{3.27.a^2}=\sqrt{3^4}.a=9a\)
Vậy E=9a
f, F=\(\frac{1}{a-1}\sqrt{9\left(a-1\right)^2}\) (đk :a>1)
= \(\frac{1}{a-1}.3\left|a-1\right|\)=\(\frac{1}{a-1}.3\left(a-1\right)\) (vì a>1)=3
Vậy F=3
\(B=\sqrt{16a^4}+6a^2=4a^2+6a^2=10a^2\)\(A=\sqrt{49a^2}+3a=7a+3a=10a\)
\(C=4x-\sqrt{\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}=4x-\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=4x-x+2=3x+2\)
\(E=\sqrt{y^2+6y+9}-\sqrt{y^2-6y+9}=\sqrt{\left(y+3\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(y-3\right)^2}=\left|y+3\right|-\left|y-3\right|=y+3-y+3=6\)
\(D=\dfrac{a-b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}+a\sqrt{b}-b\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}{a-b}=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\cdot\left(a-b\right)+\sqrt{b}\cdot\left(a-b\right)}{a-b}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{a-b}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)
a) \(A=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=2a+2b\le2\)
Vậy GTLN của A là 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}\\a+b=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}}\)
b) Ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^4=2\left(a^2+b^2+6ab\right)\)
Tương tự : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+c^2+6ac\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+d^2+6ad\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+c^2+6bc\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+d^2+6bd\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(c^2+d^2+6cd\right)\)
Cộng các vế lại, ta được :
\(B\le6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2ab+2ac+2ad+2bd+2cd+2bc\right)=6\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le6\)
Vậy GTLN của B là 6 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{d}\\a+b+c+d=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{4}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương ta có:
\(\frac{a}{4}+b\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{4}}=\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\frac{a}{4}+c\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{ac}{4}}=\sqrt{ac}\)
\(\frac{a}{4}+d\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{ad}{4}}=\sqrt{ad}\)
\(\frac{a}{4}+e\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{ae}{4}}=\sqrt{ae}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+d+e\geq \sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ad}+\sqrt{ae}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+d+e\geq \sqrt{a}(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}+\sqrt{e})\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{4}=b=c=d=e\)