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cho c^2 +2(ab -ac -bc ) =0 và b khác c, a+b khác 0. Chứng minh a^2 +(a-c)^2 /b^2+(b-c)^2 = a-c / b-c
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2ac-2bc=a^2+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b-c\right)^2=a^2+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-b^2=\left(a+b-c-b\right)\left(a+b-c+b\right)=\left(a-c\right)\left(a+2b-c\right)\\b^2=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-a^2=\left(a+b-c-a\right)\left(a+b-c+a\right)=\left(b-c\right)\left(2a+b-c\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(a^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=\left(a-c\right)\left(a+2b-c\right)+\left(a-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(a+2b-c+a-c\right)=2\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
\(b^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(b-c\right)\left(2a+b-c\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(b-c\right)\left(2a+b-c+b-c\right)=2\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^2+\left(a-c\right)^2}{b^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}=\frac{2\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a-c}{b-c}\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
<=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
<=>\(ab+bc+ca=0\)
<=>\(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=0\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=0\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\)
<=>\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=-\frac{1}{c}^3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{3}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{b^3}=\frac{-1}{c}^3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{abc}{b^3}+\frac{abc}{c^3}=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=\frac{3abc}{abc}=3\)
\(\left(a^2-bc\right)\left(b-abc\right)=\left(b^2-ca\right)\left(a-abc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ab^2c^2-a^3bc-b^2c=b^2a+a^2bc^2-ca^2-ab^3c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b-ab^2-b^2c+ca^2=a^2bc^2-ab^3c+a^3bc-ab^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=abc\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\left(a+b+c\right)\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có \(\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}=\frac{\left(bc\right)^3+\left(ab\right)^3+\left(ac\right)^3}{\left(abc\right)^2}\)
Ta lại có (a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2
=>a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ac)= a2+b2+c2
=> 2(ab+bc+ac)=0=> ab+bc+ac=0
Ta cần chứng minh bài toán phụ x+y+z=0 thì
x3+y3+z3=3xyz
Ta thấy x+y+z=0=> x+y=-z
=> (x+y)3=-z3 => x3+3xy(x+y)+y3=-z3
=> x3+y3+z3=-3xy(x+y)=-3xy.(-z)=3xyz
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có
ab+bc+ac=0 => (ab)3+(bc)3+(ac)3=3(abc)2
=> \(\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}=\frac{3\left(abc\right)^2}{\left(abc\right)^2}=3\)
=> đpcm