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\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{2b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{2c^2}{a^2}=\dfrac{2a}{c}+\dfrac{2c}{b}+\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}-\dfrac{2a}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2c}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2b}{a}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}=0\\\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\\\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Lời giải:
Từ \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2(ab+bc+ac)=0\)
Cộng cả hai vế với \(a^2+b^2+c^2\) thì:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+bc+ac)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Áp dụng bđt Schwarz ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=1\).
Bài 1:a,b,c ba cạnh tam giác => a,b,c dương
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c>b\\a+b>c\\b+c>a\end{matrix}\right.\) ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{y}< \dfrac{x+p}{y+p}\forall_{x,y,p>0\&x< y}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+c}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+b}{a+b+c}=\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c+b+c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(A+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{2\left(b+a+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2=VP\)
p/s: đề sao làm vậy:
mình nghi đề phải thế này: \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}< 2\) cách làm đơn giản hơn
e)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
=> ĐPCM
\(\dfrac{a^2+\left(a-c\right)^2}{b^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+c^2+2\left(ab-ac-bc\right)}{b^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+c^2+2\left(ab-ac-bc\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+a^2-2ac+c^2+c^2+2ab-2ac-2bc}{b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2+2ab-2ac-2bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{2a^2+2c^2-4ac+2ab-2bc}{2b^2+2c^2-4bc+2ab-2ac}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)^2+b\left(a-c\right)}{\left(b-c\right)^2+a\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có a+b+c=0 => b+c=-a => a^2=b^2+2bc+c^2=> a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc
Tương tự ta có : b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca
c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab
=> a^2/2bc+b^2/2ca+c^2/2ab=(a^3+b^3+c^3)/2abc
=>Ta lại có a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b+c)^3+
Ta có:
\(a^2=\left(-b-c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)
Tương tự ta cũng có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca\\c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thế vô ta được
\(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{3a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{3b^2}{ca}+\dfrac{3c^2}{ab}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{abc}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3.\dfrac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\right)+3abC}{abc}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3.\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc}{abc}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3.3}=3\)
ĐPCM